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Forensic and Legal Psychology
Psychological Science Applied to LawThird Edition| ©2018New Edition Available Mark Costanzo; Daniel Krauss
Costanzo and Krauss show students how psychological science can be used to enhance the gathering of evidence, improve legal decision making, reduce crime, and promote justice. With the integration of fascinating real trials, cases and other examples of the legal system in action, the authors illu...
Costanzo and Krauss show students how psychological science can be used to enhance the gathering of evidence, improve legal decision making, reduce crime, and promote justice. With the integration of fascinating real trials, cases and other examples of the legal system in action, the authors illustrate how research and theory can deepen our understanding of suspects, criminals, police officers, victims, lawyers, witnesses, judges, and jurors. Costanzo and Krauss accessibly illustrate the relevance of key research findings in social, cognitive, clinical, and developmental psychology to virtually every aspect of the legal system psychologists have studied.
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Forensic and Legal Psychology is an engaging and comprehensive exploration of the intersection between psychology and the law.
Costanzo and Krauss show students how psychological science can be used to enhance the gathering of evidence, improve legal decision making, reduce crime, and promote justice. With the integration of fascinating real trials, cases and other examples of the legal system in action, the authors illustrate how research and theory can deepen our understanding of suspects, criminals, police officers, victims, lawyers, witnesses, judges, and jurors. Costanzo and Krauss accessibly illustrate the relevance of key research findings in social, cognitive, clinical, and developmental psychology to virtually every aspect of the legal system psychologists have studied.
Features
- In addition to core chapters on topics such as eyewitness identification, jury decision making, child custody, and the insanity defense, Forensic and Legal Psychology includes full chapters:
- The increasingly important area of forensic identification (DNA, fingerprints, and other types of physical trace evidence). Contrary to media depictions, the process of matching trace evidence to a criminal suspect relies heavily on human judgment and is vulnerable to error based on perceptual and cognitive biases.
- The rapidly evolving area of workplace law – a topic that includes issues such as sexual harassment, prejudice and discrimination, work–family conflicts, and perceptions of fairness in the workplace.
- The chapter on lie detection explores how interrogators, lawyers, jurors, and judges attempt to detect the lies of suspects, witnesses, and criminals. The chapter also describes the use of technology to reveal deception.
- The process and accuracy of risk assessment. Predictions of future dangerousness are a key consideration in arrest, sentencing, and parole decisions.
- Corrections, a topic that includes sentencing decisions, imprisonment, and alternatives to prison. Research on the effectiveness of punishment and rehabilitation is highlighted. Corrections is an expanding area of research and employment for psychologists.
- The final chapter summarizes research on the death penalty. Topics such as deterrence, racial disparities, and the possibility of error are discussed, as well as how capital jurors decide between life and death.
Pedagogical Features include:
- Scientific American Spotlight boxes: A unique feature of this text is the use of brief articles and excerpts from the pages of Scientific American Mind, judiciously selected to highlight important new research relevant to the study of psychology and law. These boxes explore the following topics: tough treatment of troubled teens (Chapter 1; new in this edition); the use and misuse of brain scans in the courtroom (Chapter 1); the cognitive burden of lying (Chapter 3); using DNA analysis to create sketches of suspects (Chapter 4); implicit racial bias and police shootings (Chapter 5; new in this edition); predictive policing (Chapter 5); recovered memories, an interview with Elizabeth Loftus (Chapter 6); the long-term effects of recovered memory therapy on mental health (Chapter 6); the trauma of sexual abuse (Chapter 11; new in this edition); posttraumatic growth (Chapter 11; new in this edition); the use of projective tests in child custody cases (Chapter 13); selecting and training police officers (Chapter 14; new in this edition); use of the Implicit Association Test to detect subtle racial and age-related biases (Chapter 14); the use of technology and social media to identify the best employees (Chapter 14); the relationship between mental illness and violence (Chapter 15); and victim–offender mediation (Chapter 16; new in this edition).
- Legal Spotlight boxes focus on topics related to specific legal issues. Newly featured topics include using social media to select jurors (Chapter 9) and continuing issues with sexually violent predator laws (Chapter 15).
- Hot Topic boxes discuss issues of special current relevance, with the following newly featured discussions: postconviction polygraphing of sex offenders (Chapter 3), the use of child interviewing props (Chapter 6), juvenile competency to waive Miranda rights (Chapter 8), and plea bargaining (Chapter 9).
- Consider This boxes, a new box type for special topics that do not fit under the other three box types. Newly featured topics include alternative approaches to interrogation (Chapter 2), juvenile transfer to adult court (Chapter 8), and victim impact statements and execution impact statements (Chapter 17).
- Focus on Careers boxes contain brief descriptions of possible careers in psychology and law. The psychologists featured describe the characteristics of their jobs, the training that prepared them for their careers, and what they like (and dislike) about their jobs. Highlighted careers include police and forensic psychologist, social science analyst, trial consultant, violence risk expert, and correctional psychologist.
- End-of-chapter Discussion and Critical Thinking Questions reinforce student learning and encourage students to think more deeply about concepts. Too often, students become fixated on memorizing without understanding. These questions help combat that tendency by encouraging students to think about what they have learned and to go beyond mere memorization by considering the implications of the ideas the chapter presents. The questions also help students make connections between research findings and the functioning of the legal system.
- Key Terms at the end of each chapter. These lists allow students to immediately test their comprehension and retention of information. For quick reference, all the key terms are compiled and defined in the Glossary at the end of the book. The definitions in the Glossary have been extensively revised for greater clarity and consistency.
New to This Edition
Important changes in content and organization include:
- Expanded coverage of the impact of technology in and out of the courtroom.
- New material on police selection and training and on the role of implicit bias in police shootings.
- New material on the use of neuroscience and brain scan evidence in criminal cases.
- Expanded coverage of research on the death penalty.
- Added coverage of alternatives to prison.
- New material on the use of large data sets to predict and prevent crime.
- More than 300 new research citations.
- More than 40 new legal case citations.
- Complex material revised and clarified.
- Chapters reordered for more logical sequence.
- Headings and subheadings revised, with numerous new subheadings for clearer organization of content.
"Great text! Comprehensive and well written. Students who use this text will have a strong foundation in the field of psychology and the law."
-Kristi Lockhart, Yale University"I have told colleagues that I think the textbook is excellent. It is balanced and well written and accessible to students with little knowledge of the justice system. I felt confident that the students would learn the course’s core concepts from the textbook readings."
- C. Lindsay Fitzsimmons, York University"This is a great book that discusses the many ways that psychology interacts with the legal system. I would recommend it to any colleague that teaches a Legal Psychology course."
- Fadia Narchet, University of New Haven"This is the best book on the market."
-Fadia Narchet, University of New Haven
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Table of Contents
CHAPTER 1: PSYCHOLOGY AND LAW: A CAUTIOUS ALLIANCECHAPTER 2: INTERROGATIONS AND CONFESSIONS
CHAPTER 3: LIE DETECTION
CHAPTER 4: THE PSYCHOLOGY OF FORENSIC IDENTIFICATION: DNA, FINGERPRINTS, AND PHYSICAL TRACE EVIDENCE
CHAPTER 5: CRIMINAL PROFILING AND PSYCHOLOGICAL AUTOPSIES
CHAPTER 6: CHILD SEXUAL ABUSE: INTERVIEWING CHILDREN AND THE RECOVERED MEMORIES OF ADULTS
CHAPTER 7: EYEWITNESS IDENTIFICATION AND TESTIMONY
CHAPTER 8: COMPETENCY TO STAND TRIAL
CHAPTER 9: JURY SELECTION AND TRIAL PROCEDURE
CHAPTER 10: THE INSANITY DEFENSE
CHAPTER 11: BATTERED WOMAN SYNDROME, RAPE TRAUMA SYNDROME, AND POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER
CHAPTER 12: JURIES AND JUDGES AS DECISION MAKERS
CHAPTER 13: CHILD CUSTODY DISPUTES
CHAPTER 14: WORKPLACE LAW: HARASSMENT, DISCRIMINATION, AND FAIRNESS
CHAPTER 15: PREDICTING VIOLENT BEHAVIOR: THE PSYCHOLOGY OF RISK ASSESSMENT
CHAPTER 16: CORRECTIONS: SENTENCING, IMPRISONMENT, AND ALTERNATIVES
CHAPTER 17: THE DEATH PENALTY
Authors

Mark Costanzo
Mark Costanzo received his Ph.D. in social psychology from the University of California at Santa Cruz. He is a professor of psychology at Claremont McKenna College and a member of the plenary faculty at Claremont Graduate University. He has published research on a variety of law-related topics including police interrogations, false confessions, jury decision-making, sexual harassment, attorney argumentation, alternative dispute resolution, and the death penalty. He has also published research in the areas of nonverbal communication, teaching techniques, and energy conservation. Professor Costanzo is author of the books, Just Revenge: Costs and Consequences of the Death Penalty and Psychology Applied to Law. He has co-edited four books, including, Expert Psychological Testimony for the Courts and Violence and the Law.
Professor Costanzo has served as a consultant or expert witness for more than 80 criminal cases. In 2008, he was the winner of the Outstanding Teaching and Mentoring Award from the Society for the Psychological Study of Social Issues (SPSSI), and in 2010, he received the Outstanding Teaching and Mentoring Award from the American Psychology-Law Society (APLS).

Daniel Krauss
Daniel Krauss completed a joint degree program in psychology and law at the University of Arizona, receiving his J.D. and then his Ph.D. in clinical psychology and psychology, policy, and law. He is a professor at Claremont McKenna College, and is a plenary faculty member at Claremont Graduate University. Professor Krauss is primarily interested in the interaction of law and clinical psychology, and has published a large number of research articles and book chapters relating to clinical psychological evaluations for the courts, legal and psychological expertise, and jury decision-making. He has co-edited 3 books, and is the co-editor of, the law and public policy: psychology and the social sciences book series by the American Psychological Association (APA) Press. Professor Krauss is licensed to practice law in Arizona, is a member of the United States Supreme Court bar, and has served as the United States Supreme Court Fellow to the U.S. Sentencing Commission. He is a licensed clinical psychologist in the state of California, and a diplomate in forensic psychology, board certified by the American Board of Professional Psychology. In 2010, he was awarded the Early Career Research Award by the Western Psychological Association.
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Mark Costanzo; Daniel Krauss | Third Edition | ©2018 | ISBN:9781319138042
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