Reflections by Kathleen T. McWhorter - Second Edition, 2017 from Macmillan Student Store
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Reflections

Patterns for Reading and WritingSecond Edition ©2017 Kathleen T. McWhorter

This innovative modes-based reader by reading expert Kathleen McWhorter supports an integrated approach to reading and writing with unique scaffolded instruction that guides students through comprehension, analysis, evaluation, and written response — skills students will need to be successful in col...
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ISBN:9781319044459

ISBN:9781319070458

ISBN:9781319043469

Reflections by Kathleen T. McWhorter - Second Edition, 2017 from Macmillan Student Store

The first modes-based reader to truly integrate reading and writing

 

This innovative modes-based reader by reading expert Kathleen McWhorter supports an integrated approach to reading and writing with unique scaffolded instruction that guides students through comprehension, analysis, evaluation, and written response — skills students will need to be successful in college. Compelling reading selections drawn from widely taught academic disciplines let students practice the work they’re expected to do in other college courses. The second edition has been thoroughly revised with a new grammar handbook, expanded research coverage, new readings, and new features to provide stronger, more integrated reading and writing advice. Reflections can be packaged with LaunchPad Solo for Readers and Writers, allowing you to more efficiently track students’ progress with reading, writing, and grammar skills in an active learning arc that complements the book.

Features

Integration of Reading and Writing
While many readers include writing coverage and many composition texts include readings as models, Reflections is the first modes reader to truly integrate reading and writing.
          • Reading and writing coverage is introduced with a special focus on the connections between the two skills.
          • Reading/Writing Perspectives boxes throughout the text show how readers and writers approach the same element of writing, such as a thesis statement or conclusion.  
          • The Writing Your Own Essay section in each modes chapter reactivates the comprehension, analysis, and evaluation skills practiced during the reading instruction in each chapter.
          • The readings in each modes chapter include apparatus that focuses students equally on working with the readings and writing about them or about related topics.

Scaffolding of Skills
From its general organization through its detailed content, Reflections is designed to scaffold students’ skill development in reading and writing. Moreover, ample opportunities for active participation and practice — before, during, and after reading — enable students to solidify their acquisition of reading and writing skills.
          • Abundant models in the early chapters of the book help students develop the reading and writing skills they need to work through the assignments in later chapters.
          • Reading levels generally progress in difficulty, so that students’ work with shorter, more accessible readings scaffolds their work with longer, more difficult texts.
          • Questions following reading selections move from understanding through analysis to evaluation.
          • Writing tasks progress from paragraph to essay and move from personal response to more objective interpretation and finally to research. Questions are clearly labeled, focusing students on the skills they are practicing.
 
Emphasis on Visual Literacy and Visual Learning
Because students are expected to both interpret visuals they read and select or create visuals to include in their writing, this book emphasizes visual literacy.
          • Instruction on working with graphics teaches students how to understand, interpret, and evaluate graphics and images.
          • Color-coded graphic organizers provide visual representations of essay content and structure, helping students see at a glance how essays are structured and how to plan their own essays.
          • Revision flowcharts for each mode give students a visual guide for improving their writing.
          • Chapter-opening photographs are accompanied by prompts to jumpstart student writing.
 
An Emphasis on Critical Thinking
Critical thinking skills are essential for readers and writers, both in college and in the workplace. These skills are emphasized through the following features.
          • An entire chapter focuses on strategies for critical reading and thinking, including how to identify bias, evaluate sources, and recognize assumptions.
          • Analysis in Action and Evaluation in Action exercises provide examples of student thinking and writing and give students the opportunity to practice these important skills.
          • Questions following each reading guides students to think critically about the focus, content, purpose, and effectiveness of that reading.
 
An Emphasis on Student Success
Reflections recognizes that students need to know how to manage their academic life and integrate it with their family, work, and social life.
          • Chapter 1 suggests strategies for setting goals and priorities, managing time, and avoiding procrastination. Students also learn essential classroom skills such as creating a positive academic image, communicating with instructors, working with classmates,using electronic tools, and taking effective class notes.
          • Textbook readings from a variety of disciplines are accompanied by apparatus that guides students in reading and responding to textbooks, in using skills such as annotating and highlighting, and in predicting essay exam questions and writing their answers.
 
Engaging and Accessible Readings
Because students who enjoy what they are reading will approach assignments with interest and enthusiasm, the forty-eight professional readings and ten student essays were carefully chosen to engage students and to provide strong rhetorical models.
          • The readings include a mix of reliable, class-tested essays by well-known writers like Brent Staples, Deborah Tannen, Dave Barry, and Amy Tan, and they come from a wide range of sources, including newspapers, popular magazines, Web sites, and textbooks, representing the diverse texts students encounter in both their personal and their academic lives.
          • Wide-ranging topics—including health, stress management, interpersonal relationships, race relations, consequences of war, virtues and pitfalls of technology, and financial concerns--help students connect reading with issues relevant to college success and to their lives.

New to This Edition

Grammar Handbook
An all-new Part 4, “Handbook: Writing Problems and How to Correct Them,” provides students with practical and comprehensive help with basic grammar, sentence problems, punctuation, and mechanics.
          ● The handbook reviews parts of speech and sentence structures and shows students how to deal with common problem areas such as pronouns, fragments, commas, and subject-verb agreement.
          ● Exercises, some with answers, provide practice to help students master grammatical skills.
          ● Intuitive graphics, such as easy-to-follow revision flowcharts and hand-edited sentences that show an error and its correction at a glance, help visual learners grasp grammatical concepts.
          ● Links to LaunchPad Solo for Readers and Writers extend the grammar instruction and practice exercises beyond the printed page. Interactive videos, adaptive quizzes, study pages, and more boost students’ ability to improve their writing skills at  their                own pace.
 
Stronger Reading and Writing Instruction
Building on the success of the first edition, Reflections has been revised to provide stronger, more integrated reading and writing advice.
          ● Students start reading sooner. All modes chapters now open with a model professional essay that is referred to throughout the chapter to demonstrate and teach the characteristics of the mode.
          ● Newly designed Reading|Writing boxes with a side-by-side format better showcase readers’ and writers’ perspectives on important literacy issues such as thesis statements, evidence, bias, and tone.
          ● A summary Reading|Writing box now concludes each modes chapter, providing a helpful review and reference for students working through both reading and writing assignments in each of the rhetorical patterns.
          ● Newly designed chapter openers include a list of objectives and a new “Reflect” feature with step-by-step guidance for writing about the chapter’s opening visual. 
 
New Readings
The collection of readings has been updated to include more of the contemporary topics that students will want to read about.
          ● 16 of the 40 readings by professional authors are new to this edition, addressing current and compelling issues such as terrorism, raising the minimum wage, and paying off student loan debt.
          ● Half of the 8 textbook excerpts are also new, covering disciplines such as psychology, health, and information technology. Each textbook reading is accompanied by discipline-specific questions students are likely to see in a college-level course.
          ● Student essays throughout the book—3 out of 10 of them new—model the types of writing students are expected to achieve. 
 
Expanded Research Coverage
In a new Part 3, “Student Research Guide,” Reflections provides students with specialized support for approaching research projects.
          ● An up-to-date chapter on finding and using sources helps students search for and evaluate sources, incorporate quotations, and avoid plagiarism.
          ● A new chapter dedicated to documenting sources now includes coverage of both MLA and APA style, with samples of student writing in each. The documentation chapter reflects the 2017 MLA updates.
 
Package Reflections with LaunchPad Solo for Readers and Writers to more efficiently track students’ progress with reading, writing, and grammar skills in an active learning arc that complements the book. Access can be packaged at a significant discount. For more information, visit macmillanlearning.com/readwrite.
“Most textbooks teach simple ‘read and respond’ to a piece of writing. Reflections makes learning meaningful because it clearly demonstrates to students the connection between reading and writing. It’s the best textbook I've found to give students the skills and strategies they need to be successful.”
                                                               -Gail Bradstreet, Cincinnati State Technical and Community College
 
“The excellent essays and articles on a wide variety of topics help engage students and serve as a springboard to robust class discussions. The questions about the readings are also quite helpful.”
                                                               -Ellen Gallimore, Forsyth Technical Community College
 
“The graphic organizers for each mode are especially helpful for our students.”
                                                               -Anne C. Helms, Alamance Community College

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Table of Contents

McWhorter: Reflections, 2e
*New to this edition
 
PART 1: SKILLS FOR SUCCESS IN READING AND WRITING
 
Chapter 1. Succeeding in College
*Robinson Meyer, To Remember a Lecture Better, Take Notes by Hand
Strategies for College Success
      Manage Your Time
      Organize a Reading, Writing, and Study Area
      Develop Concentration Skills
      Manage Stress
Classroom Skills
      Polish Your Academic Image
      Demonstrate Academic Integrity
      Communicate with Your Instructors
      Use Electronic Tools Effectively
 
      Listen Carefully and Critically
      Ask and Answer Questions
 
      Work with Classmates
 
      Take Effective Notes in Class
      Manage Online Course Work
 
Chapter 2. Active Reading
 
Strategies for Active Reading
Before Reading: Previewing and Forming Prereading Questions
 
Morgan Lowrie, Comparing Online and Traditional Education
      Preview
      Form Prereading Questions
 
Reading for Meaning: The Thesis Statement and Key Elements of Paragraphs
      Identify the Key Elements of Paragraphs
      Identify the Central Thought or Thesis Statement
 
Highlighting and Annotating
      Highlight Key Points
      Use Annotations
After Reading: Reviewing the Material
      Conduct an Immediate Review
      Write a Summary
      Draw a Graphic Organizer
      Create an Outline to Help You Study
Specialized Reading Strategies
      Look Closely at Unfamiliar Words
      Learn How to Handle Difficult Reading Material
      Use the Special Features of Your Textbooks
      Recognize the Importance of Visual Aids
Chapter 3. Critical Reading and Thinking Strategies
What Is Critical Thinking?
Strategies for Analyzing What You Read
      Examine the Author’s Purpose, Style, and Intended Audience
      Examine Word Choice
      Distinguish Fact from Opinion
      Analyze the Author’s Tone
      Look for Purposeful Omissions
      Make Reasonable Inferences
Strategies for Evaluating What You Read
      Identify Bias
      Evaluate Information Sources
      Evaluate the Reliability of Information
      Examine the Relevance and Sufficiency of Evidence 
      Recognize Assumptions
Analyzing and Evaluating Visual Aids 
      Photographs and Other Images
      Graphics and Tables 
Responding to Texts and Visual Aids with Journals and Response Papers
      Keep a Journal
      Write in Response to a Reading
 
Chapter 4. Prewriting: How to Find and Focus Ideas
Choosing a Topic
Narrowing a Topic
      Using a Branching Diagram
      Asking Questions to Narrow a Broad Topic
Thinking about Your Purpose, Audience, and Point of View
      Determining Your Purpose 
      Considering Your Audience
      Choosing a Point of View
Discovering Ideas to Write About
        
      Freewriting
      Mapping
      Brainstorming
      Questioning
      Writing Assertions
 
      Visualizing or Sketching
      Researching Your Topic
Students Write 
 
Chapter 5. Developing and Supporting a Thesis
What Is a Thesis Statement?
      Developing a Working Thesis Statement
      Writing an Effective Thesis Statement
      Placing the Thesis Statement
   
      Using an Implied Thesis
Supporting Your Thesis Statement with Evidence
      Choosing Types of Evidence
      Collecting Evidence to Support Your Thesis
      Choosing the Best Evidence
      Choosing Evidence for Academic Writing
      Using Sources to Support Your Thesis
Students Write
 
Chapter 6. Writing Effective Paragraphs
 
The Structure of a Paragraph
Writing a Topic Sentence
      A Topic Sentence Should Focus the Paragraph
      A Topic Sentence May Preview the Organization of the Paragraph
 
      A Topic Sentence Should Support Your Thesis
      A Topic Sentence Should Be Strategically Placed
 
Including Supporting Details
      Effective Paragraphs Have Unity
 
      Effective Paragraphs Are Well Developed
      Effective Paragraphs Provide Specific Supporting Details Arranged in a Logical Manner
Using Transitions and Repetition
Students Write
Analyzing the Writer’s Technique
 
Chapter 7. Drafting an Essay
 
The Structure of an Essay
Organizing Your Supporting Details
      Selecting a Method of Organization
      Preparing an Outline or a Graphic Organizer
Writing a Draft
Using Transitions and Repetition to Connect Your Ideas
      Using Transitional Expressions to Connect Ideas
 
      Using Repeated Words to Connect Ideas
Writing Your Introduction, Conclusion, and Title
      Writing a Strong Introduction
      Writing an Effective Conclusion
      Writing a Good Title
Students Write
 
       Analyzing the Writer’s Technique
 
Chapter 8 Revising Content and Organization
 
Useful Techniques for Revision
Key Questions for Revision
 
      Analyzing Your Purpose and Audience
      Evaluating Your Thesis Statement, Topic Sentences, and Evidence
 
      Evaluating Your Organization
      Evaluating Your Introduction, Conclusion, and Title
 
      Evaluating Your Paragraph Development
Working with Classmates to Revise Your Essay
      How to Find a Good Reviewer
 
      Suggestions for the Writer
      Suggestions for the Reviewer
 
Using Your Instructor’s Comments
      Revising an Essay Using Your Instructor’s Comments
 
      Using Your Instructor’s Comments to Improve Future Essays
Editing and Proofreading
 
      Editing Your Essay
   
   Proofreading Your Essay
Students Write 
      Christine Lee (student), A Trend Taken Too Far 
    
  Analyzing the Writer’s Technique
 
PART 2: READINGS FOR WRITERS
 
Chapter 9. Patterns: An Introduction
An Overview of Patterns
 
Combining Patterns
 
Writing an Essay That Combines Patterns
Guidelines for Using Chapters 10-18 
 
Chapter 10. Narration: Recounting Events
 
What Is Narration? 
      A Model Narration Essay 
 
      Alton Fitzgerald White, Right Place, Wrong Face
 
The Structure and Content of Narration Essays 
 
Understanding, Analyzing, and Evaluating Narration Essays 
      Understanding a Narration Essay
      Analyzing a Narration Essay 
 
      Evaluating a Narration Essay 
Writing Your Own Narration Essay 
      A Student Model Narration Essay 
      Mina Raine, Taking Back Control
 
      Responding to Raine’s Essay 
 
      Finding Ideas for Your Narration Essay 
      Choosing an Event or Incident for Your Narration Essay 
 
      Gathering Details about the Experience or Incident 
      Developing and Supporting a Thesis 
 
      Drafting Your Narration Essay 
 
      Revising Your Narration Essay 
      Editing and Proofreading Your Essay 
 
Readings for Practice, Ideas for Writing 
 
      Sherry Amatenstein, Talking a Stranger through the Night 
      *Roger Porter, A New Interpretation of Tears 
 
      *Anna Erelle, Excerpt from In the Skin of a Jihadist: A Young Journalist Enters the ISIS Recruitment Network 
COMBINED PATTERNS | TEXTBOOK EXCERPT: INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
 
      Ben Beekman and George Beekman, History of the Future 
 
Working with Narration as a Reader and Writer  
 
Chapter 11. Description: Portraying People, Places, and Things 
 
What Is Description? 
       A Model Description Essay 
       Jeremy MacClancy, Eating Chilli Peppers
The Structure and Content of Description Essays 
 
Understanding, Analyzing, and Evaluating Description Essays 
 
       Understanding a Description Essay 
 
       Analyzing a Description Essay 
       Evaluating a Description Essay 
Writing Your Own Description Essay 
 
       A Student Model Description Essay 
       *Madelieine Massey, Small Town New Orleans 
 
       Responding to Massey’s Essay 
 
       Finding Ideas for Your Description Essay 
       Choosing a Subject for Your Description Essay 
 
       Collecting Details That Describe Your Subject 
       Finding Comparisons and Choosing a Vantage Point 
       Creating a Dominant Impression 
       Drafting Your Description Essay 
 
       Revising Your Description Essay 
       Editing and Proofreading Your Essay 
 
Readings for Practice, Ideas for Writing 
       Richard Selzer, The Discus Thrower 
 
       *Jordan Kisner, Rain Is Sizzling Bacon, Cars Are Lions Roaring: The Art of Sound in Movies 
    
        Veronica Chambers, The Secret Latina 
COMBINED PATTERNS | TEXTBOOK EXCERPT: FILM STUDIES
 
        Louis Giannetti, Costumes 
 
Working with Description as a Reader and Writer  
 
Chapter 12.  Illustration: Explaining with Examples
 
What Is Illustration? 
         A Model Illustration Essay 
         Bill Bryson, Snoopers at Work
 
The Structure and Content of Illustration Essays
 
Understanding, Analyzing, and Evaluating Illustration Essays 
         Understanding an Illustration Essay 
         Analyzing an Illustration Essay 
         Evaluating an Illustration Essay 
Writing Your Own Illustration Essay 
         A Student Model Illustration Essay 
 
         *Kaitlyn Frey, Waste, Away!
 
         Responding to Frey’s Essay 
         Finding Ideas for Your Illustration Essay 
 
         Choosing a Subject for Your Illustration Essay 
         Gathering Examples for Your Illustration Essay 
         Developing and Supporting Your Thesis 
         Drafting Your Illustration Essay 
 
         Revising Your Illustration Essay 
         Editing and Proofreading Your Essay 
 
Readings for Practice, Ideas for Writing 
         *Michael Hanlon, What Happened to Innovation? 
 
         Cristina Rouvalis, Hey Mom, Dad, May I Have My Room Back? 
         Brent Staples, Just Walk On By: A Black Man Ponders His Power to Alter Public Space 
 
COMBINED PATTERNS | TEXTBOOK EXCERPT: ART APPRECIATION
 
         Patrick Frank, Issue-Oriented and Street Art 
 
Working with Illustration as a Reader and Writer  
 
Chapter 13.  Process Analysis: Explaining How Something Works or Is Done 
 
What Is Process Analysis? 
         A Model Process Analysis Essay 
 
         *Eric Rosenberg, How to Make Money with YouTube
The Structure and Content of Process Analysis Essays 
 
Understanding, Analyzing, and Evaluating Process Analysis Essays 
         Understanding a Process Analysis Essay 
 
         Analyzing a Process Analysis Essay 
         Evaluating a Process Analysis Essay 
 
Writing Your Own Process Analysis Essay 
 
         A Student Model Process Analysis Essay 
 
Aurora Gilbert, The Pleasures and Particulars of Philanthropy: How to Publicize Your Fund-Raising Event 
         Responding to Gilbert’s Essay 
         Finding Ideas for Your Process Analysis Essay 
         Choosing a Process for Your Essay 
 
         Developing and Supporting Your Thesis 
         Listing the Steps and Gathering Details 
 
         Drafting Your Process Analysis Essay 
         Revising Your Process Analysis Essay 
         Editing and Proofreading Your Essay 
Readings for Practice, Ideas for Writing 
 
        *Austin Netzley, 8 Steps to Pay Off $81, of Debt in Less Than 3 Years 
        *Scott Matteson, How Does Google Search Really Work? 
 
 COMBINED PATTERNS | TEXTBOOK EXCERPT: PSYCHOLOGY
 
        *Carole Wade, Carol Tarvis, and Maryanne Garry, The Nature of Stress
 
Working with Process Analysis as a Reader and Writer  
 
Chapter 14.  Comparison and Contrast: Showing Similarities and Differences 
 
What Is Comparison and Contrast? 
        A Model Comparison-and-Contrast Essay 
 
        Dave Barry, We’ve Got the Dirt on Guy Brains 
The Structure and Content of Comparison-and-Contrast Essays 
 
Understanding, Analyzing, and Evaluating Comparison-and-Contrast Essays 
 
       Understanding a Comparison-and-Contrast Essay 
       Analyzing a Comparison-and-Contrast Essay 
 
       Evaluating a Comparison-and-Contrast Essay 
Writing Your Own Comparison-and-Contrast Essay 
 
       A Student Model Comparison-and-Contrast Essay 
       Heather Gianakos, Border Bites
 
       Responding to Gianakos’s Essay 
       Finding Ideas for Your Comparison-and-Contrast Essay 
 
       Choosing a Basis of Comparison and a Purpose 
       Discovering Similarities and Differences and Generating Details 
 
       Developing and Supporting Your Thesis 
       Selecting Points of Comparison 
 
       Drafting Your Comparison-and-Contrast Essay 
       Revising Your Comparison-and-Contrast Essay 
 
       Editing and Proofreading Your Essay 
Readings for Practice, Ideas for Writing 
 
       *Sara Rashkin, What Kind of H2O Should You Drink? We Asked L.A.’s Only Water Sommelier 
       Deborah Tannen, Sex, Lies, and Conversation 
 
       Amy Chua, Why Chinese Mothers Are Superior 
 
COMBINEDPATTERNS | TEXTBOOK EXCERPT: PSYCHOLOGY
 
       Carole Wade and Carol Tavris, Dealing with Cultural Differences 
Working with Comparison and Contrast as a Reader and Writer  
 
Chapter 15.  Classification and Division: Explaining Categories and Parts 
 
What Are Classification and Division? 
       A Model Classification Essay 
 
       Joshua Fruhlinger, Online Dating — Five Things to Avoid
The Structure and Content of Classification and Division Essays 
 
Understanding, Analyzing, and Evaluating Classification and Division Essays 
      Understanding a Classification or Division Essay 
 
      Analyzing a Classification or Division Essay 
      Evaluating a Classification or Division Essay 
 
Writing Your Own Classification or Division Essay 
      A Student Model Classification Essay 
 
      Maris Vasquez, A Profile of Facebook Users
      Responding to Vasquez’s Essay 
 
      Finding Ideas for Your Classification or Division Essay 
      Planning Your Classification or Division Essay 
 
      Choosing a Principle of Classification or Division 
      Choosing Categories or Parts 
 
      Identifying the Key Features of Each Category or Part 
      Developing and Supporting Your Thesis  
 
      Drafting Your Classification or Division Essay 
      Revising Your Classification or Division Essay 
 
      Editing and Proofreading Your Essay 
Readings for Practice, Ideas for Writing 
 
      Mindy Kaling, Types of Women in Romantic Comedies Who Are Not Real 
      David Bodanis, A Brush with Reality: Surprises in the Tube 
 
COMBINING THE PATTERNS | TEXTBOOK EXCERPT: HEALTH
      *April Lynch, Barry Elmore, and Jerome Kotecki, Addiction 
 
Working with Classification and Division as a Reader and Writer  
Chapter 16.  Definition: Explaining What You Mean 
 
What Is Definition? 
       A Model Definition Essay 
 
*Roland Kelts, The Satori Generation
The Structure and Content of Definition Essays 
 
Understanding, Analyzing, and Evaluating Definition Essays 
       Understanding a Definition Essay 
 
       Analyzing a Definition Essay 
       Evaluating a Definition Essay 
 
Writing Your Own Definition Essay 
 
       A Student Model Definition Essay  
       
       *Sarah Frey, Woman of Many Talents
       Responding to Frey’s Essay 
 
       Finding Ideas for Your Definition Essay 
       Planning Your Definition Essay 
 
       Developing and Supporting Your Thesis 
       Drafting Your Definition Essay 
 
       Revising Your Definition Essay 
       Editing and Proofreading Your Essay 
 
Readings for Practice, Ideas for Writing 
 
       Lars Eighner, On Dumpster Diving 
       Bethe Dufresne, Gullible Travels 
 
       Stefany Anne Golberg, Can You See Me Now? Deaf America 
 
COMBINED PATTERNS |  TEXTBOOK EXCERPT: PUBLIC RELATIONS 
      *Dennis Wilcox, Glen Cameron, and Bryan Reber, The Cult of Celebrity 
Working with Definition as a Reader and Writer  
Chapter 17.  Cause and Effect: Using Reasons and Results to Explain 
 
What Are Causes and Effects? 
       A Model Cause-and-Effect Essay 
 
       Amy Tan, E. coli on the Rocks 
 
The Structure and Content of Cause-and-Effect Essays 
 
Understanding, Analyzing, and Evaluating Cause-and-Effect Essays 
       Understanding a Cause-and-Effect Essay 
 
       Analyzing a Cause-and-Effect Essay 
       Evaluating a Cause-and-Effect Essay 
 
Writing Your Own Cause-and-Effect Essay 
       A Student Model Cause-and-Effect Essay 
 
       Nathan Nguyen, Gambling on Our Future
       Responding to Nguyen’s Essay 
 
       Finding Ideas for Your Cause-and-Effect Essay 
       Selecting an Event to Write About 
 
       Discovering Causes and Effects 
       Identifying Primary Causes and Effects 
 
       Developing Your Thesis 
       Drafting Your Cause-and-Effect Essay 
 
       Revising Your Cause-and-Effect Essay 
       Editing and Proofreading Your Essay 
 
Readings for Practice, Ideas for Writing 
       *Katie Wheeling, Why Do Violent Videos Go Viral? 
 
       *Hara Estroff Marano, Why We Procrastinate 
       *Fred Pearce, TV as Birth Control: Defusing the Population Bomb
 
COMBINING THE PATTERNS | TEXTBOOK EXCERPT: NUTRITION
       *Joan Salge Blake, Kathy D. Munoz, and Stella Volpe, What Factors Contribute to Hunger around the World?  
 
Working with Cause and Effect as a Reader and Writer  
Chapter 18.  Argumentation: Supporting a Claim
What Is an Argument?  
 
        A Model Argument Essay  
        
        Lisa M. Hamilton, Eating Meat for the Environment
The Structure and Content of Argument Essays 
Understanding, Analyzing, and Evaluating Argument Essays 
 
        Understanding an Argument Essay 
        Analyzing an Argument Essay 
 
        Evaluating an Argument Essay 
Writing Your Own Argument Essay 
 
        A Student Model Argument Essay  
        James Sturm, Pull the Plug on Explicit Lyrics
 
        Responding to Sturm’s Essay 
        Finding Ideas for Your Argument Essay 
 
        Selecting an Issue to Write About 
        Considering Your Audience 
 
        Developing a Claim in Your Thesis 
        Considering Opposing Viewpoints 
 
        Drafting Your Argument Essay 
        Revising Your Argument Essay 
 
        Editing and Proofreading Your Essay 
Readings for Practice, Ideas for Writing 
 
       *Soujourner Truth, Ain’t I a Woman?
 
       Sebastian Junger, Why Would Anyone Miss War? 
 
       *Brittney Cooper, The Racial Parenting Divide: What Adrian Peterson Reveals about Black vs. White Child-Rearing 
        ARGUMENT PAIR: DEBATING  A HIGHER MINIMUM WAGE
 
       *Robert Reich, Why We Should Raise the Minimum Wage 
       *Reihan Salam, The Fight Against 15  
 
        ARGUMENT PAIR: DEBATING MULTITASKING
        Peter Bregman, How (and Why) to Stop Multitasking 
 
        David Silverman, In Defense of Multitasking 
Working with Argument as a Reader and Writer  
 
PART 3: STUDENT RESEARCH GUIDE 
 
Chapter 19.  Finding and Using Sources
Primary and Secondary Sources 
How to Locate Sources 
 
        Locating Useful Library Sources 
        Doing Research on the World Wide Web 
 
Evaluating Sources for Relevance and Reliability 
 
        Questions for Evaluating Sources for Relevance 
        Questions for Evaluating Sources for Reliability 
 
Working with Text: Reading Sources 
Extracting Information from Sources 
 
        Gathering Necessary Citation Information 
        Systems of Note-Taking 
        Writing Summary Notes 
 
        Writing Paraphrases 
 
        Recording Quotations 
        Avoiding Plagiarism 
 
        What Counts as Plagiarism 
        How to Avoid Plagiarism 
 
*Chapter 20.  Documenting Your Sources
Documenting Sources in MLA Style  
 
        MLA-Style In-Text Citations 
        MLA-Style List of Works Cited 
 
        Some MLA-Style Models  
        Sample Pages from an MLA-Style Paper  
 
*Documenting Sources in APA Style 
        *APA-Style In-Text Citations 
 
        *APA-Style List of References 
        *Some APA-Style Models  
 
        *Sample Pages from an APA-Style Paper  
*PART 4: HANDBOOK: WRITING PROBLEMS AND HOW TO CORRECT THEM
 
*Review of Basic Grammar 
        *1 Parts of Speech 
 
        *2 Sentence Structure 
*Writing Correct Sentences 
 
        *3  Sentence Fragments 
        *4  Run-on Sentences and Comma Splices 

        *5  Subject-Verb Agreement 
 
        *6  Verb Forms 
 
        *7  Pronoun Problems 
 
        *8  Shifts and Mixed Constructions 
        *9  Adjectives and Adverbs 
 
        *10 Misplaced and Dangling Modifiers 
*Using Punctuation and Mechanics Correctly
 
       *11  End Punctuation 
       *12  Commas 
       *13  Semicolons 
       *14  Colons 
 
       *15  Quotation Marks, Ellipses, and Brackets 
       *16  Apostrophes 
 
       *17  Dashes 
       *18  Capitalization and Italics/Underlining 
 
*Answers to Even-Numbered Exercises in Handbook 
Index 
 
 
 

Kathleen T. McWhorter

Kathleen T. McWhorter is professor emerita of humanities and former director of the Learning Skills Center at Niagara County Community College. She has also been on the faculty of the State University College at Buffalo. She is the author of a number of books on writing for freshmen-level students, including the popular guide Successful College Writing, Seventh Edition (Bedford/St. Martin’s, 2018), and the composition reader Reflections: Patterns for Reading and Writing, Second Edition (Bedford/St. Martin’s, 2017). She has also written a number of textbooks on reading and writing for developmental students, including In Concert: Reading and Writing, Second Edition (2016); In Harmony: Reading and Writing, Second Edition (2016); Reading Across the Disciplines: College Reading and Beyond, Sixth Edition (2015); Academic Reading, Eighth Edition (2014); and Efficient and Flexible Reading, Tenth Edition (2014).

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Instructor's Manual for Reflections (Online Only)