Imagine you are camping and canoeing along a river. If you catch a fish and eat it for dinner, this is an example of which kind of ecosystem service?
Provisioning services
Cultural services
Regulating services
None of the above
Imagine you are camping and canoeing along a river. The peaceful feeling you get from reconnecting with nature is an example of which kind of ecosystem service?
Provisioning services
Cultural services
Regulating services
None of the above
Imagine you are camping and canoeing along a river. A huge rainstorm occurs, but there is no flash flood because the forest upstream of you absorbs and slowly releases the rainwater. This is an example of which kind of ecosystem service?
Provisioning services
Cultural services
Regulating services
None of the above
The Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MEA) documented a clear increase from 1950 to 2000 for only four kinds of ecosystem services. Three of these increasing ecosystem services are which type of ecosystem service?
Provisioning services
Cultural services
Regulating services
None of the above
Imagine that you want to estimate the economic value of a national park that allows tourism but is otherwise protected from human economic activities. Which of the following economic valuation methods would be LEAST useful to you?
Hedonic pricing of homes near the park
Contingent valuation
Travel cost methods
Production function
The term used for future economic costs or benefits expressed in today’s equivalent value is
negative externality.
discounted value.
contingent value.
revealed value.
Which of the following best describes payments for ecosystem services?
Landowners get a break on their property tax for building and maintaining habitat for endangered species.
Groups that benefit from ecosystem services pay landowners who manage their land to deliver those services.
In exchange for paying off some portion of a government’s debts, the indebted nation agrees to establish new protected areas.
None of the above
Which of the following is NOT a pitfall potentially associated with ecosystem valuation?
Decision makers find it harder to ignore the consequences of environmental damage when the economic costs of that damage are transparent and well quantified.
Some ecosystem services can be cost-effectively replaced by technology.
In some cases, even summing across all different ecosystem services, the economic value of development may outweigh the economic value of nature.
Market fluctuations may mean that ecosystems are highly valuable one day but nearly worthless the next.
The data displayed in this figure show that plant productivity
is not related to the diversity of plant species.
increases at a constant rate as the diversity of plant species increases.
increases as the diversity of plant species increases from very low numbers—but only to a point, after which productivity remains more or less constant.
increases as the diversity of animal species increases.
According to this graph, the total market value of ecosystem services in Oregon’s Willamette Valley will be
greater under a conservation scenario than under a development scenario regardless of whether an economic market for carbon sequestration is developed.
greater under a development scenario than under a conservation scenario only if an economic market for carbon sequestration is developed.
greater under a conservation scenario than under a development scenario only if an economic market for carbon sequestration is developed.
greater under a conservation scenario than under a development scenario only if there is no economic market for carbon sequestration.
