Chapter 17

Step One—Read the Chapter and Take Notes As You Go

This outline reflects the major headings and subheadings in this chapter of your textbook. Use it to take notes as you read each section of the chapter. In your notes, try to restate the main idea of each section.

CHAPTER 17: The Expansion of Europe, 1650–1800
I. Working the Land
	A. The Legacy of the Open-Field System
		1. The Open-Field System
		2. Traditional Village Rights
		3. Social Conditions
	B. New Methods of Agriculture
		1. Eliminating the Fallow
		2. The Enclosure Movement
		3. Old and New
	C. The Leadership of the Low Countries and England
		1. The Dutch Initiative
		2. Agricultural Innovation in England
		3. Market-Driven Estate Agriculture

II. The Beginning of the Population Explosion
	A. Long-standing Obstacles to Population Growth
		1. Prior to 1700
		2. Demographic Crisis
	B. The New Pattern of the Eighteenth Century
		1. Population Growth
		2. Disappearance of the Bubonic Plague
		3. Improvements in Water Supply and Sewage
		4. Safeguarding the Food Supply

III. The Growth of Rural Industry
	A. The Putting-Out System
		1. The Putting-Out System
		2. Division of Production
		3. Advantages
	B. The Lives of Rural Textile Workers
		1. Living Conditions
		2. The Workers
		3. Working Conditions
	C. The Industrious Revolution
		1. Industrious Revolution
		2. Characteristics
		3. Role of Women and Girls
		4. Foundation of the Industrial Revolution

IV. The Debate over Urban Guilds
	A. Urban Guilds
		1. The Peak of the Guild System
		2. Reasons for the Guilds’ Success
		3. Change in the Guilds
	B. Adam Smith and Economic Liberalism
		1. Adam Smith (1723–1790)
		2. Economic Liberalism

V. The Atlantic World and Global Trade
	A. Mercantilism and Colonial Competition
		1. Mercantilism
		2. Navigation Acts (1651, 1660, 1663)
		3. Colonial Wars
	B. The Atlantic Economy
		1. Britain
		2. France
		3. Spain
	C. The Atlantic Slave Trade
		1. Atlantic Slave Trade
		2. Statistics
		3. Rise of Plantation Agriculture
		4. The Shore Method
		5. Movements for Abolition
	D. Identities and Communities of the Atlantic World
		1. Creole
		2. Mixed-Race Populations
		3. Conversion to Christianity
		4. Jews
	E. The Colonial Enlightenment
		1. Enlightenment in the British Colonies
		2. Enlightenment in the Spanish Colonies
	F. Trade and Empire in Asia and the Pacific
		1. The Dutch East India Company (1602)
		2. The English East India Company (1600)
		3. Australia