| Module Outline |
| Module 26: Motivation |
| This module attempts to answer the question of motivation, or why people behave the way they do. First, early explanations centered on instincts and drives are examined. Next, arousal and body chemistry approaches are discussed. Finally, cognitive explanations are introduced, including extrinsic versus intrinsic motivation. |
| The clinical explanations of motivation are explained, including Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory and the achievement motivation theory of Murray and McClelland. |
| The module concludes with an explanation of the physiology of hunger, including glucose, insulin, leptin, and orexin levels. The eating disorders of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa are detailed. |
| Introduction to Motivation | |
| Motivation | |
| Historic Explanations | |
| Instincts | |
| Drives | |
| Drive-reduction theory | |
| Biological Explanations | |
| Arousal theories | |
| Arousal | |
| Yerkes-Dodson Law | |
| Homeostasis | |
| Cognitive Explanations: Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation | |
| Extrinsic motivation | |
| Intrinsic motivation | |
| Clinical Explanations | |
| Clinical psychologists | |
| Abraham Maslow | |
| Hierarchy of needs | |
| Physiological needs | |
| Safety needs | |
| Belongingness and love needs | |
| Esteem needs | |
| Self-actualization | |
| Achievement motivation | |
| Henry Murray | |
| David McClelland | |
| Hunger: A Closer Look | |
| Glucose | |
| Insulin | |
| Leptin | |
| Orexin | |
| Hypothalamus | |
| Serotonin | |
| Set point | |
| Basal metabolic rate | |
| Environment and hunger | |
| External incentives | |
| Internals | |
| Eating disorders | |
| Cultural influences | |
| Anorexia nervosa | |
| Bulimia nervosa | |