The Combined Volume includes all chapters.
Volume 1 includes Chapters 1-16.
Volume 2 includes Chapters 16-33.

NOTE: Achieve material that does not appear in the print book – including guided reading exercises, quizzes for sources and features, LearningCurve adaptive quizzes, summative quizzes, all of the documents from the companion reader Sources for World Societies, and quizzes for each of the documents in the companion reader – has been labeled on this table of contents as shown. Each chapter in Achieve also comes with a wealth of additional documents, key terms flashcards, map quizzes, and much more, all of which can be easily integrated and assigned.

Preface

Versions and Supplements

Maps, Figures, and Tables

Special Features

1. The Earliest Human Societies, to 2500 B.C.E.

GUIDED READING ACTIVITY Achieve

Evolution and Migration

Understanding the Early Human Past

Hominid Evolution

Homo Sapiens, "Thinking Humans"

Migration and Differentiation

Later Paleolithic Society, ca. 200,000–9000 B.C.E.

Foraging for Food

Family and Kinship Relationships

Cultural Creations and Spirituality

The Development of Agriculture in the Neolithic Era, ca. 9000 B.C.E.

The Development of Horticulture

Animal Domestication and the Rise of Pastoralism

Agriculture

Neolithic Society

Social Hierarchies and Slavery

Gender Hierarchies and Inheritance

Trade and Cross-Cultural Connections

Chapter Summary

Connections

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Chapter 1 Summative Quiz Achieve

Mapping the Past Human Migration in the Paleolithic and Neolithic Eras

Analyzing the Evidence Paleolithic Venus Figures

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Thinking Like a Historian Paleolithic Hand Markings

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Analyzing the Evidence Bison and Human in Lascaux Cave

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Global Viewpoints Stone Age Houses in Chile and China

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Individuals in Society The Iceman

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Documents from Sources for World Societies, Chapter 1

Introduction to the Documents

VIEWPOINTS: Origin Stories
Document 1-1: An Indian View of Creation from the Rig Veda , ca. 600 B.C.E.

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Document 1-2: The Yuchi People Explain Their Origins, ca. 1929
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Document 1-3: A Greek Description of the Elemental Forces, Hesiod, From Theogony, ca. 700 B.C.E.
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Viewpoints Comparative Questions
Document 1-4: Clues about Early Human History in a Neolithic Grave, Double Burial from Mantua, Italy, ca. 6000-5000 B.C.E.

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Document 1-5: Artistic Expression in the Paleolithic Era, Cave Painting of a Male and Female Deer, ca. 13,000 B.C.E.

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Comparative Questions

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2. Complex Societies in Southwest Asia and the Nile Valley, 3800–500 B.C.E.

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Writing, Cities, and States

Written Sources and the Human Past

Cities and the Idea of Civilization

The Rise of States, Laws, and Social Hierarchies

Mesopotamia from Sumer to Babylon

Environmental Challenges, Irrigation, and Religion

Sumerian Politics and Society

Writing, Mathematics, and Poetry

Empires in Mesopotamia

Life Under Hammurabi

The Egyptians

The Nile and the God-King

Egyptian Society and Work

Migrations, Revivals, and Collapse

Iron and the Emergence of New States

The Hebrews

The Hebrew State

The Jewish Religion

Hebrew Society

The Assyrians and Persians

Assyria, the Military Monarchy

The Rise and Expansion of the Persian Empire

The Religion of Zoroaster

Chapter Summary

Connections

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Analyzing the Evidence Gilgamesh’s Quest for Immortality

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Thinking Like a Historian Addressing the Gods

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Analyzing the Evidence Egyptian Families

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Mapping the Past Empires and Migrations in the Eastern Mediterranean

Individuals in Society Hatshepsut and Nefertiti

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Global Viewpoints Rulers and Divine Favorfor Babylonians and Hebrews

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Documents from Sources for World Societies, Chapter 2
Introduction to the Documents

Document 2-1: A Mesopotamian Quest for Immortality, From The Epic of Gilgamesh, ca. 2700-2500 B.C.E.
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Document 2-2: Law and Order in Ancient Babylonia, Hammurabi, Hammurabi’s Code: Laws on Society and Family Life, ca. 1800 B.C.E.,
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Document 2-3: Moses Leads the Hebrews from Egypt, Book of Exodus, ca. 950-450 B.C.E.
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VIEWPOINTS: Imperial Propaganda in the Ancient near East

Document 2-4: Ashur-Nasir-Pal II, An Assyrian Emperor’s Resume, ca. 875 B.C.E.
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Document 2-5: Cyrus of Persia, Righteous Rule, ca. 470 B.C.E.
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Viewpoints Comparative Questions

Comparative Questions

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3. The Foundation of Indian Society, to 300 C.E.

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The Land and Its First Settlers, ca. 3000–1500 B.C.E.

The Aryans During the Vedic Age, ca. 1500–500 B.C.E.

Aryan Dominance in North India

Life in Early India

Brahmanism

India’s Great Religions

Jainism

Siddhartha Gautama and Buddhism

Hinduism

Western Contact and the Mauryan Unification of North India, ca. 513–185 B.C.E.

Encounters with the West

Chandragupta and the Founding of the Mauryan Empire

The Reign of Ashoka, ca. 269–232 B.C.E.

Small States and Trading Networks, 185 B.C.E.–300 C.E.

Chapter Summary

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Thinking Like a Historian Harappan Artifacts

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Global Viewpoints Divine Martial Prowess in India and Sumer

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Analyzing the Evidence Conversations Between Rama and Sita from the Ramayana

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Analyzing the Evidence Gandharan Frieze Depicting the Buddha’s Enlightenment

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Individuals in Society Sudatta, Lay Follower of the Buddha

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Mapping the Past The Mauryan Empire, ca. 250 B.C.E.

Documents from Sources for World Societies, Chapter 3
Introduction to the Documents

Document 3-1: A Residential Street in Mohenjo-daro, ca. 2500-2000 B.C.E.
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VIEWPOINTS: The Path to Enlightenment

Document 3-2: The Buddha, The Buddha Obtains Enlightenment, ca. 530-29 B.C.E.
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Document 3-3: From the Upanishads, On the Nature of the Soul, ca. 450 B.C.E.
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Viewpoints Comparative Questions
Document 3-4: Social Mores in Ancient India, From The Laws of Manu, ca. 100 B.C.E.-200 C.E.
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Document 3-5: Ashoka, From Thirteenth Rock Edict, 256 B.C.E.
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Comparative Questions

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4. China’s Classical Age, to 221 B.C.E.

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The Emergence of Civilization in China

The Impact of Geography

Early Agricultural Societies of the Neolithic Age

The Shang Dynasty, ca. 1500–1050 B.C.E.

Shang Society

Bronze Metalworking

The Development of Writing

The Early Zhou Dynasty, ca. 1050–400 B.C.E.

Zhou Politics

Life During the Zhou Dynasty

The Warring States Period, 403–221 B.C.E.

New Technologies for War

The Victorious States

Confucius and His Followers

Confucius

The Spread of Confucian Ideas

Daoism, Legalism, and Other Schools of Thought

Daoism

Legalism

Yin and Yang

Chapter Summary

Connections

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Mapping the Past The Geography of Historical China

Global Viewpoints The Inglorious Side of War in the Book of Songs and the Patirruppattu

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Individuals in Society Lord Mengchang

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Thinking Like a Historian Ideas About the Divine Realm

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Analyzing the Evidence The Teachings of Confucius

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Analyzing the Evidence Inscribed Bamboo Slips

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Documents from Sources for World Societies, Chapter 4
Introduction to the Documents

Document 4-1: Detail of Ritual Vase known as the Tigress, ca. 1200 B.C.E
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Document 4-2: Confucius on Kingship, From Book of Documents, ca. 900-100 B.C.E.
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VIEWPOINTS: Philosophical Responses to Social and Political Disorder

Document 4-3: Confucius, From Analects, ca. 500 B.C.E. – 50 C.E.
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Document 4-4: Laozi, From Dao De Jing: Administering the Empire, ca. 500-400 B.C.E.
Document 4-4: Laozi, From Dao De Jing: Administering the Empire, ca. 500-400 B.C.E.

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Document 4-5: Han Fei, The Five Vermin, ca. 250-25 B.C.E.
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Viewpoints Comparative Questions
Comparative Questions
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5. The Greek Experience, 3500–30 B.C.E.

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Greece in the Bronze Age, ca. 3000–800 B.C.E.

The Minoans and Mycenaeans

The "Dark Age"

The Development of the Polis in the Archaic Age, ca. 800–500 B.C.E.

Organization of the Polis

Overseas Expansion

The Growth of Sparta

The Evolution of Athens

Turmoil and Culture in the Classical Period, 500–338 B.C.E.

The Deadly Conflicts, 499–404 B.C.E.

Athenian Arts in the Age of Pericles

Families and Sexual Relations

Public and Personal Religion

The Flowering of Philosophy

Hellenistic Society, 323–30 B.C.E.

From Polis to Monarchy, 404–200 B.C.E.

Building a Hellenized Society The Growth of Trade and Commerce

Hellenistic Religion, Philosophy, and Science

Religion in the Hellenistic World

Philosophy and Its Guidance for Life

Hellenistic Science and Medicine

Chapter Summary

Connections

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Chapter 5 Summative Quiz Achieve

Analyzing the Evidence Hesiod, Works and Days

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Analyzing the Evidence The Acropolis of Athens

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Thinking Like a Historian Gender Roles in Classical Athens

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Mapping the Past Alexander’s Conquests, 336–324 B.C.E.

Global Viewpoints Hellenistic and Chinese Spells

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Individuals in Society Archimedes, Scientist and Inventor

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Documents from Sources for World Societies, Chapter 5
Introduction to the Documents

Document 5-1: Homer, From The Iliad, ca. 750 B.C.E.,
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Document 5-2: Plato, From Apologia, ca. 399 B.C.E.,
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Document 5-3: Plutarch, From Life of Cleomenes III, First Century C.E.
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VIEWPOINTS: Depicting the Human Form
Document 5-4: A Hellenic Depiction of Physical Perfection, Zeus from Artemisium, ca. 460 B.C.E.
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Document 5-5: A Hellenistic Depiction of Human Suffering, The Dying Gaul, ca. 230-220 B.C.E.
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Viewpoints Comparative Questions
Comparative Questions
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6. The World of Rome, ca. 1000 B.C.E.–400 C.E.

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The Romans in Italy

The Etruscans

The Founding of Rome

The Roman Conquest of Italy

The Roman State

Social Conflict in Rome

Roman Expansion and Its Repercussions

Overseas Conquests and the Punic Wars, 264–133 B.C.E.

New Influences and Old Values in Roman Culture

The Late Republic and the Rise of Augustus, 133–27 B.C.E.

The Successes of Augustus

Rome and the Provinces

Political and Military Changes in the Empire

Life in Imperial Rome

Prosperity in the Roman Provinces

Eastward Expansion and Contacts Between Rome and China

The Coming of Christianity

Factors Behind the Rise of Christianity

The Life and Teachings of Jesus

The Spread of Christianity

The Growing Acceptance and Evolution of Christianity

Turmoil and Reform

Political Measures

Economic Issues

The Acceptance of Christianity

Chapter Summary

Connections

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Individuals in Society Queen Cleopatra

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Analyzing the Evidence Ara Pacis

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Mapping the Past Roman Expansion, 262 B.C.E.–180 C.E.

Global Viewpoints Roman and Chinese Officials in Times of Disaster

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Thinking Like a Historian Army and Empire

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Analyzing the Evidence The Edict of Toleration and the Edict of Milan

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Documents from Sources for World Societies, Chapter 6
Introduction to the Documents

Document 6-1: The Twelve Tables, ca. 450 B.C.E.,
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Document 6-2: Plutarch, On Julius Caesar, ca. 44 C.E.,
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Document 6-3: Initiation into the Cult of Dionysus, ca. 60-50 B.C.E.
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VIEWPOINTS: Christianity and the Roman State
Document 6-4: Pliny the Younger, Letters to and from the Emperor Trajan on Christians, 111-113 C.E
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Document 6-5: Tertullian, From Apologia, ca. 197 C.E.
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Viewpoints Comparative Questions
Comparative Questions

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7. East Asia and the Spread of Buddhism, 221 B.C.E.–800 C.E.

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The Age of Empire in China: The Qin and Han Dynasties

The Qin Unification, 221–206 B.C.E.

The Han Dynasty, 206 B.C.E.–220 C.E.

Han Intellectual and Cultural Life

Inner Asia and the Silk Road

Life in Han China

China and Rome

The Fall of the Han and the Age of Division

The Spread of Buddhism Out of India

Buddhism’s Path Through Central Asia

The Appeal and Impact of Buddhism in China

The Chinese Empire Re-created: Sui (581–618) and Tang (618–907)

The Sui Dynasty, 581–618

The Tang Dynasty, 618–907

Tang Culture

The East Asian Cultural Sphere

Vietnam

Korea

Japan

Chapter Summary

Connections

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Thinking Like A Historian Who Made the Chinese Silks Found Along the Silk Road?

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Individuals in Society The Ban Family

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Mapping the Past The Spread of Buddhism, ca. 500 B.C.E.–800 C.E.

Analyzing the Evidence Sixth-Century Biographies of Buddhist Nuns

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Analyzing the Evidence Hōryūji Temple

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Global Viewpoints Coping with Epidemics in Japan and Byzantium

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Documents from Sources for World Societies, Chapter 7
Introduction to the Documents

Document 7-1: Sima Qian, From the Records of the Historian, ca. 109-86 B.C.E.
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Document 7-2: Ban Zhao, From Lessons for Women ca. 80 C.E.
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Document 7-3: Hachiman, Shinto God of War, ca. 1100-1300 C.E.
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VIEWPOINTS: Buddhism in China
Document 7-4: Han Yu, From Lives of the Eminent Monks, ca. 550 C.E.
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Document 7-5: Emperor Wuzong, Edict on the Suppression of Buddhism, 845 C.E.
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Viewpoints Comparative Questions
Comparative Questions

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8. Continuity and Change in Europe and Western Asia, 250–850

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The Byzantine Empire

Sources of Byzantine Strength

The Sassanid Empire and Conflicts with Byzantium

Justinian’s Code of Law

Byzantine Intellectual Life

Life in Constantinople

The Growth of the Christian Church

The Evolution of Church Leadership and Orthodoxy

The Western Church and the Eastern Church

Christian Monasticism

Christian Ideas and Practices

Christianity and Classical Culture

Saint Augustine on Sin, Grace, and Redemption

The Iconoclastic Controversy

Migrating Peoples

Social and Economic Structures

Tribes, Warriors, and Laws

Migrations and Political Change

Christian Missionaries and Conversion

Missionaries’ Actions

The Process of Conversion

Frankish Rulers and Their Territories

The Merovingians and Carolingians

The Warrior-Ruler Charlemagne

Chapter Summary

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Individuals in Society Theodora of Constantinople

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Thinking Like a Historian Slavery in Roman and Germanic Society

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Analyzing the Evidence Orthodox Icon of Jesus

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Global Viewpoints Roman and Byzantine Views of Barbarians

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Mapping the Past The Spread of Christianity, ca. 300–800

Analyzing the Evidence The Capitulary de Villis

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Documents from Sources for World Societies, Chapter 8
Introduction to the Documents

Document 8-1: Saint Benedict of Nursia, From The Rule of Saint Benedict, 529
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Document 8-2: The Law of the Salian Franks, ca. 500-600,
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Document 8-3: Procopius, From The Secret History, ca. 550-562
VIEWPOINTS: Justinian’s Deeds and His Critics
Document 8-3: Procopius, From the Secret History (ca. 550-562)

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Document 8-4: Hagia Sophia, 537
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Document 8-5: Einhard, From The Life of Charlemagne, 829-836,
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Comparative Questions

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9. The Islamic World, 600–1400

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The Origins of Islam

Arabian Social and Economic Structure

Muhammad’s Rise as a Religious Leader

The Tenets of Islam

Islamic States and Their Expansion

Islam’s Spread Beyond Arabia

Reasons for the Spread of Islam

The Caliphate and the Split Between Shi’a and Sunni Alliances

The Abbasid Caliphate

Administration of the Islamic Territories

Fragmentation and Military Challenges, 900–1400

Breakaway Territories and Shi’a Gains

The Ascendancy of the Turks

The Mongol Invasions

Muslim Society: The Life of the People

The Social Hierarchy

Slavery

Women in Classical Islamic Society

Marriage, the Family, and Sexuality

Trade and Commerce

Cultural Developments

The Cultural Centers of Baghdad and Córdoba

Education and Intellectual Life

The Mystical Tradition of Sufism

Muslim-Christian Encounters

Chapter Summary

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Mapping the Past The Expansion of Islam, 622–900

Analyzing the Evidence Abu Hamid al-Ghazali on the Etiquette of Marriage

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Thinking Like a Historian The Risks and Rewards of Indian Ocean Seaborne Trade

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Individuals in Society Ibn Battuta

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Global Viewpoints Amusing Animal Stories by Syrian and Greek Authors

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Analyzing the Evidence Sufi Collective Ritual

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Documents from Sources for World Societies, Chapter 9
Introduction to the Documents

VIEWPOINTS: Islam and the People of the Book
Document 9-1: Muhammad, Qur’an, ca. 650
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Document 9-2: Muhammad, The Constitution of Medina, ca. 625
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Document 9-3: Benjamin ben Jonah of Tudela, From Book of Travels, ca. 1159-1172
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Document 9-4: Great Mosque, Cordoba, Spain, 987 and Gate of Al Hakam II, 987
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Document 9-5: Ibn Khaldūn,From Prolegomenon to History, 1377
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Comparative Questions

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10. African Societies and Kingdoms, 1000 B.C.E.–1500 C.E.

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The Land and Peoples of Africa

Early African Societies

Agriculture and Its Impact

Bantu Migrations

Life in the Kingdoms of the Western Sudan, ca. 1000 B.C.E.–800 C.E.

The Trans-Saharan Trade

The Berbers of North Africa

Effects of Trade on West African Society

The Spread of Islam in Africa

African Kingdoms and Empires, ca. 800–1500

The Kingdom of Ghana, ca. 900–1100

The Kingdom of Mali, ca. 1200–1450

Ethiopia: The Christian Kingdom of Aksum

The East African City-States

Southern Africa and Great Zimbabwe

Chapter Summary

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Mapping the Past African Kingdoms and Trade, ca. 800–1500

Individuals in Society Amda Siyon

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Analyzing the Evidence The Queen of Sheba and King Solomon

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Global Viewpoints Early Descriptions of Africa from Egypt

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Analyzing the Evidence A Tenth-Century Muslim Traveler Describes Parts of the East African Coast

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Thinking Like a Historian Great Zimbabwe

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Documents from Sources for World Societies, Chapter 10
Introduction to the Documents

VIEWPOINTS:
Document 10-1: Ezana, King of Aksum, Stele of Ezana, ca. 325
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Document 10-2: Abu Ubaydallah Al-Bakri, From The Book of Routes and Realms, ca. 1067-1068
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Document 10-3: Abū Hāmid Muhammad Al-Andalusī Al-Gharnātī,From Gift of the Spirit, ca. 1120-1170
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Document 10-4: Leo Africanus, From The History and Description of Africa, 1526,
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Document 10-5: A History of West Africa by West Africans, From Epic of Sundiata, ca. 1250
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11. The Americas, 3200 B.C.E.–1500 C.E.

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Societies of the Americas in a Global Context

Trade and Technology

Settlement and Environment

Ancient Societies

Olmec Agriculture, Technology, and Religion

Hohokam, Hopewell, and Mississippian Societies

Kinship and Ancestors in the Andes

The Incas

The Inca Model of Empire

Inca Imperial Expansion

Imperial Needs and Obligations

The Maya and Teotihuacan

Maya Agriculture and Trade

Maya Science and Religion

Teotihuacan and the Toltecs

The Aztec Empire

The Mexica: From Vassals to Masters

Life in the Aztec Empire

The Limits of the Aztec Empire

American Empires and the Encounter

The Last Day of the Aztecs

The Fall of the Incas

Chapter Summary

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Mapping the Past The Inca Empire, 1532

Analyzing the Evidence Felipe Guaman Poma de Ayala, The First New Chronicle and Good Government

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Analyzing the Evidence The Maya Calendar

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Thinking Like a Historian Feathers, Snakes, and Humans

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Individuals in Society Tlacaelel

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Global Viewpoints Inca and Spanish Views on Religion, Authority, and Tribute

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Documents from Sources for World Societies, Chapter 11
Introduction to the Documents

Document 11-1: Moundville, ca.1000-1450 C.E.
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Document 11-2: Pedro de Cieza de León, From Chronicles: On the Inca, ca. 1535
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Document 11-3: Diego Durán, From Book of the Gods and Rites, ca. 1576-1579
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VIEWPOINTS: The Importance of the Ball Game in Maya Society
Document 11-4: Antonio de Herrera y Tordesillas, On the Maya Ball Game Tlachtli, ca. 1598
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Document 11-5: Father Francisco Ximénez, From the Popol Vuh, ca. 1701-1703
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Viewpoints Comparative Questions

Comparative Questions

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12. Cultural Exchange in Central and Southern Asia, 300–1400

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Central Asian Nomads

Nomadic Society

The Turks

The Mongols

Chinggis Khan and the Mongol Empire

Chinggis Khan

Chinggis’s Successors

The Mongols as Rulers

East-West Communication During the Mongol Era

The Movement of Peoples

The Spread of Disease, Goods, and Ideas

India, Islam, and the Development of Regional Cultures, 300–1400

The Gupta Empire, ca. 320–480

India’s Medieval Age and the First Encounter with Islam

The Delhi Sultanate

Life in Medieval India

Southeast Asia, the Pacific Islands, and the Growth of Maritime Trade

State Formation and Indian Influences

The Srivijayan Maritime Trade Empire

The Spread of Indian Culture in Comparative Perspective

The Settlement of the Pacific Islands

Chapter Summary

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Analyzing the Evidence The Abduction of Women in The Secret History of the Mongols

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Mapping the Past The Mongol Empire

Thinking Like a Historian The Mongol Army

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Global Viewpoints Explaining the Workings of Paper Money in China, Persia, and Europe

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Individuals in Society Bhaskara the Teacher

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Analyzing the Evidence Bayan Relief at Angkor Thom

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Documents from Sources for World Societies, Chapter 12
Introduction to the Documents

VIEWPOINTS: The Mongols and Their Conquests
Document 12-1: Epitaph for the Honorable Menggu, ca. 1272
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Document 12-2: Rashid-Al-Din, Chinggis Khan Fighting the Tartars, ca. 1300
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Document 12-3: Marco Polo, From Travels, ca. 1298
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Document 12-4: Vatsyayana, From the Kamasutra, ca. 150-1200
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Document 12-5: Maulana Burhān Ud-Dīn Marghīnānī,From Guidance, ca. 1197
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Comparative Questions

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13. States and Cultures in East Asia, 800–1400

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The Medieval Chinese Economic Revolution, 800–1100

China During the Song and Yuan Dynasties, 960–1368

The Song Dynasty

The Scholar-Officials and Neo-Confucianism

Women’s Lives in Song Times

China Under Mongol Rule

Korea Under the Koryŏ Dynasty, 935–1392

Japan’s Heian Period, 794–1185

Fujiwara Rule

Aristocratic Culture

The Samurai and the Kamakura Shogunate, 1185–1333

Military Rule

Cultural Trends

Chapter Summary

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Global Viewpoints Painters of Uncanny Skill in China and Rome

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Mapping the Past East Asia in 1000 and 1200

Analyzing the Evidence Ma Yuan’s Painting On a Moutain Path in Spring

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Individuals in Society Shen Gua

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Analyzing the Evidence The Pillow Book of Sei Shonagon

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Thinking Like a Historian When and Why Did Foot Binding Begin?

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Documents from Sources for World Societies, Chapter 13
Introduction to the Documents

VIEWPOINTS: Elite Values in Feudal Japan
Document 13-1: Murasaki Shikibu, From The Tale of Genji, ca. 1021
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Document 13-2: The Experience of War in Feudal Japan, From The Tale of the Heike, ca. 1250
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Viewpoints Comparative Questions

Document 13-3: Figure of a Lohan, Yuan Dynasty, 1260-1368
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Document 13-4: Chau Ju-Kua, On the Arab People of Quanzhou, ca. 1250
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Document 13-5: Widows Loyal Unto Death, ca. 1754
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14. Europe and Western Asia in the Middle Ages, 800–1450

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Political Developments

Invasions and Migrations

"Feudalism" and Manorialism

The Restoration of Order

Law and Justice

The Christian Church

Papal Reforms

Monastic Life

Popular Religion

The Expansion of Western and Eastern Christianity

The Crusades

Background and Motives

The Course of the Crusades

Consequences of the Crusades

The Life of the People

The Life and Work of Peasants

The Life and Work of Nobles

Towns, Cities, and the Growth of Commercial Interests

The Expansion of Trade and the Commercial Revolution

Learning and Culture

Universities and Scholasticism

Cathedrals and a New Architectural Style

Vernacular Literature and Drama

Crises of the Later Middle Ages

The Great Famine and the Black Death

The Hundred Years’ War

Challenges to the Christian Church

Peasant and Urban Revolts

Chapter Summary

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Mapping the Past Invasions and Migrations of the Ninth and Tenth Centuries

Individuals in Society Hildegard of Bingen

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Thinking Like a Historian Christian and Muslim Views of the Crusades

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Analyzing the Evidence Courtly Love Poetry

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Global Viewpoints Italian and English Views of the Plague

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Analyzing the Evidence The Battle of Nicopolis

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Documents from Sources for World Societies, Chapter 14
Introduction to the Documents

VIEWPOINTS: The Crusades
Document 14-1: Fulcher of Chartres, From A History of the Expedition to Jerusalem, ca. 1100-1127
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Document 14-2: Zakariya al-Qazwini, From Monuments of the Lands, 1275-1276
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Document 14-3: Jacques de Vitry, The Virgin Mary Saves a Monk and His Lover, ca. 1200
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Document 14-4: King John of England, From Magna Carta, 1215
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Document 14-5: Thomas Aquinas, From Summa Theologica, 1268
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15. Europe in the Renaissance and Reformation, 1350–1600

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Renaissance Culture

Wealth and Power in Renaissance Italy

The Rise of Humanism

Christian Humanism

Printing and Its Social Impact

Art and the Artist

Social Hierarchies

Race and Slavery

Wealth and the Nobility

Gender Roles

Politics and the State in the Renaissance

France

England

Spain

The Habsburgs

The Protestant Reformation

Criticism of the Church

Martin Luther

Protestant Thought and Its Appeal

The Radical Reformation and the German Peasants’ War

Marriage and Women’s Roles

The Reformation and German Politics

England’s Shift Toward Protestantism

Calvinism and Its Moral Standards

The Catholic Reformation

Papal Reforms and the Council of Trent

New Religious Orders

Religious Violence

French Religious Wars

Civil Wars in the Netherlands

The Great European Witch-Hunt

Chapter Summary

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Individuals in Society Cosimo and Lorenzo de’ Medici

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Thinking Like a Historian Humanist Learning

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Analyzing the Evidence Titian, Laura de Dianti

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Analyzing the Evidence Martin Luther, On Christian Liberty

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Global Viewpoints Chinese and European Views on Proper Behavior

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Mapping the Past Religious Divisions in Europe, ca. 1555

Documents from Sources for World Societies, Chapter 15
Introduction to the Documents

VIEWPOINTS: The Intellectual Foundations of the Renaissance
Document 15-1: Petrarch, Letters, ca. 1354, 1360
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Document 15-2: Pico Della Mirandola, From On the Dignity of Man, 1486
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Document 15-3: Artemisia Gentileschi, Susanna and the Elders, 1610
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Document 15-4: Martin Luther, From Address to the Christian Nobility of the German Nation, 1520
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Document 15-5: John Calvin, From Instruction in Faith, 1537
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16. The Acceleration of Global Contact, 1450–1600

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The Afroeurasian Trade World

The Trade World of the Indian Ocean

Peoples and Cultures of the Indian Ocean

Trade with Africa and the Middle East

Genoese and Venetian Middlemen

The European Voyages of Discovery

Causes of European Expansion

Technology and the Rise of Exploration

The Portuguese in Africa and Asia

Spain’s Voyages to the Americas

Spain "Discovers" the Pacific

Early Exploration by Northern European Powers

Conquest and Settlement

Spanish Conquest of the Aztec and Inca Empires

Portuguese Brazil

Colonial Administration

Indigenous Population Loss and Economic Exploitation

Patterns of Settlement

The Era of Global Contact

The Columbian Exchange

Sugar and Early Transatlantic Slavery

Spanish Silver and Its Economic Effects

The Birth of the Global Economy

Changing Attitudes and Beliefs

Religious Conversion

European Debates About Indigenous Peoples

New Ideas About Race

Chapter Summary

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Mapping the Past Overseas Exploration and Conquest in the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Centuries

Analyzing the Evidence Columbus Describes His First Voyage

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Thinking Like a Historian Who Was Doña Marina?

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Individuals in Society Catarina de San Juan

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Global Viewpoints Aztec and Spanish Views on Christian Conversion in New Spain

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Analyzing the Evidence Mixed Races

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Documents from Sources for World Societies, Chapter 16
Introduction to the Documents

Document 16-1: World Map, 1502
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VIEWPOINTS: The Motives of Columbus and His Patrons
Document 16-2: Christopher Columbus, Letter from the Third Voyage, 1493
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Document 16-3: Theodore de Bry, Columbus at Hispaniola, ca. 1590
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Viewpoints Comparative Questions

Document 16-4: Bernal Diaz del Castillo, From The True History of the Conquest of New Spain,
1568
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Document 16-5: The Spanish Conquest of Mexica, From The Florentine Codex, ca. 1577-1580
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17. The Islamic World Powers, 1300–1800

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The Turkish Ruling Houses: The Ottomans, Safavids, and Mughals

The Expansion of the Ottoman Empire

The Ottoman Empire’s Use of Slaves

The Safavid Empire in Persia

The Mughal Empire in India

Cultural Flowering

The Arts

City and Palace Building

Gardens

Intellectual Advances and Religious Trends

Coffeehouses and Their Social Impact

Non-Muslims Under Muslim Rule

Shifting Trade Routes and European Penetration

European Rivalry for Trade in the Indian Ocean

Merchant Networks in the Islamic Empires

From the British East India Company to the British Empire in India

Political Decline

Chapter Summary

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Mapping the Past The Ottoman Empire at Its Height, 1566

Individuals in Society Hürrem

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Global Viewpoints Mughal and French Views on Priorities for Monarchs

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Analyzing the Evidence Coffee Drinking

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Analyzing the Evidence Katib Chelebi on Tobacco

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Thinking Like a HistorianForced Relocation of Armenians to Persia

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Documents from Sources for World Societies, Chapter 17
Introduction to the Documents

VIEWPOINTS: Building and Islamic Palace
Document 17-1: Sultan Selim I, From a Letter to Shah Ismail of Persia, 1514
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Document 17-2: Antonio Monserrate, From The Commentary of Father Monserrate, ca. 1580
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Document 17-3: Babur and His Architect Plan the Bagh-i-Wafa, ca. 1590
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Document 17-4: Tulsi the Elder and Madhu the Younger, Akbar Inspects the Construction of Fatehpur-Sikri, ca. 1590-1598
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Document 17-5: Nuruddin Salim JAHANGIR, From Memoirs of Jahangir, ca. 1580–1600
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18. European Power and Expansion, 1500–1750

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The Protestant and Catholic Reformations

The Protestant Reformation

The Catholic Reformation

Religious Violence

Seventeenth-Century Crisis and Rebuilding

The Social Order and Peasant Life

Economic Crisis and Popular Revolts

The Thirty Years’ War

European Achievements in State-Building

Absolutist States in Western and Central Europe

Spain

The Foundations of French Absolutism

Louis XIV and Absolutism

The Wars of Louis XIV

The Economic Policy of Mercantilism

The Austrian Habsburgs

The Absolutist Palace

Constitutionalism and Empire in England and the Dutch Republic

Religious Divides and Civil War

The Puritan Protectorate

Constitutional Monarchy

The Dutch Republic

Colonial Expansion and Empire

The Dutch Trading Empire

Colonial Empires of England and France

Mercantilism and Colonial Wars

People Beyond Borders

The Russian Empire

Mongol Rule in Russia and the Rise of Moscow

Building the Russian Empire

Peter the Great and Russia’s Turn to the West

Chapter Summary

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Global Viewpoints Descriptions of Louis XIV of France and the Kangxi Emperor of China

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Thinking Like a Historian What Was Absolutism?

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Mapping the Past Europe After the Peace of Utrecht, 1715

Analyzing the Evidence Gonzales Coques, The Young Scholar and His Wife

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Individuals in Society Glückel of Hameln

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Analyzing the Evidence Peter the Great and Foreign Experts

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Documents from Sources for World Societies, Chapter 18
Introduction to the Documents

VIEWPOINTS: The Sources of Government Authority
Document 18-1: Jacques-Benigne Bossuet, On Divine Right, ca. 1675–1680
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Document 18-2: John Locke, From Two Treatises of Government, 1690
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Viewpoints Comparative Questions

Document 18-3: The English Parliament, The Bill of Rights, 1689
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Document 18-4: Duc de Saint-Simon, From Memoirs of Louis XIV, ca. 1730–1755
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Document 18-5: Catherine II of Russia, Two Decrees, 1762, 1765
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Comparative Questions

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19. New Worldviews and Ways of Life, 1540–1790

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The Scientific Revolution

Why Europe?

Scientific Thought to 1550

Astronomy and Physics

Newton’s Synthesis

Natural History and Empire

Magic and Alchemy

Important Changes in Scientific Thinking and Practice

The Methods of Science

Medicine, the Body, and Chemistry

Science and Religion

Science and Society

The Rise and Spread of Enlightenment

The Early Enlightenment

The Influence of the Philosophes

Enlightenment Movements Acress Europe

Key Issues of Enlightenment Debate

Shifting Views of the Non-Western World

New Definitions of Race

Women and the Enlightenment

Enlightened Absolutism and Its Limits

Economic Change and the Atlantic World

Economic and Demographic Change

The Atlantic Economy

Urban Life and the Public Sphere

Culture and Community in the Atlantic World

The Atlantic Enlightenment

Chapter Summary

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Analyzing the Evidence Denis Diderot, "Supplement to Bougainville’s Voyage"

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Analyzing the Evidence Enlightenment Culture

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Mapping the Past The Partition of Poland, 1772–1795

Thinking Like a Historian The Enlightenment Debate on Religious Tolerance

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Global Viewpoints Malachy Postlethwayt and Olaudah Equiano on the Abolition of Slavery

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Individuals in Society Rebecca Protten

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Documents from Sources for World Societies, Chapter 19
Introduction to the Documents

VIEWPOINTS: Changing Ideas of Science
Document 19-1: Francis Bacon, From The Great Restoration, 1623
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Document 19-2: Peter the Great and Gottfried Leibniz, On the Improvement of Arts and Sciences, ca. 1712–1718
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Document 19-3: Takyuddin and Other Astronomers at the Galata Observatory, ca. 1581
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Document 19-4: Voltaire, From Dictionnaire Philosophique, 1764
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Document 19-5: Immanuel Kant, What is Enlightenment? 1784
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20. Africa and the World, 1400–1800

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West Africa in the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Centuries

The West Coast: Senegambia and Benin

The Sudan: Songhai, Kanem-Bornu, and Hausaland

The Lives of the People of West Africa

Trade and Industry

Cross-Cultural Encounters Along the East African Coast

Muslim and European Incursions in Ethiopia, ca. 1500–1630

The Swahili City-States and the Arrival of the Portuguese, ca. 1500–1600

The African Slave Trade

The Institution of Slavery in Africa

The Transatlantic Slave Trade

Impact on African Societies

Chapter Summary

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Chapter 20 Summative Quiz Achieve

Mapping the Past West African Societies, ca. 1500–1800

Global Viewpoints European Descriptions of Timbuktu and Jenne

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Analyzing the Evidence Lamu Old Town, Lamu Island, Kenya

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Analyzing the Evidence Duarte Barbosa on the Swahili City-States

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Individuals in Society Olaudah Equiano

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Thinking Like a Historian Perspectives on the African Slave Trade

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Documents from Sources for World Societies, Chapter 20
Introduction to the Documents

Document 20-1: Olfert Dapper, King Alvaro I of Kongo Receiving the Dutch Ambassadors,
1668
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Document 20-2: Osei Bonsu, An Asante King Questions British Motives in Ending the Slave Trade, 1820
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VIEWPOINTS: Debating the Slave Trade
Document 20-3: Anna Maria Falconbridge, From Narrative of Two Voyages to the River Sierra Leone, 1794
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Document 20-4: Olaudah Equiano, From The Interesting Narrative of Olaudah Equiano, 1789
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Viewpoints Comparative Questions

Document 20-5: Transportation of Slaves in Africa, ca. 1800-1900
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21. Continuity and Change in East Asia, 1400–1800

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Ming China, 1368–1644

The Rise of Zhu Yuanzhang and the Founding of the Ming Dynasty

Problems with the Imperial Institution

The Mongols and the Great Wall

The Examination Life

Everyday Life in Ming China

Ming Decline

The Manchus and Qing China, to 1800

The Rise of the Manchus

Competent and Long-Lived Emperors

Imperial Expansion

Japan’s Middle Ages, ca. 1400–1600

Muromachi Culture

Civil War

The Victors: Nobunaga and Hideyoshi

The Tokugawa Shogunate, to 1800

Tokugawa Government

Commercialization and the Growth of Towns

The Life of the People in the Edo Period

Maritime Trade, Piracy, and the Entry of Europe into the Asian Maritime Sphere

Zheng He’s Voyages

Piracy and Japan’s Overseas Adventures

Europeans Enter the Scene

Christian Missionaries

Learning from the West

The Shifting International Environment in the Eighteenth Century

Chapter Summary

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Individuals in Society Tan Yunxian, Woman Doctor

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Global Viewpoints Chinese and European Commentators on Urban Amusements

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Mapping the Past The Qing Empire, ca. 1800

Analyzing the Evidence Interior View of a Kabuki Theater

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Thinking Like a Historian Attention to Dress in Edo Japan

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Analyzing the Evidence Keinen’s Poetic Diary of the Korea Campaign

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Documents from Sources for World Societies, Chapter 21
Introduction to the Documents

Document 21-1: The Viceroy of Canton Giving an Audience to Commodore Anson, 1748
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Document 21-2: Engelbert Kaempfer, From History of Japan, 1727
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VIEWPOINTS: Gender in East Asia
Document 21-3: Kaibara Ekiken and Kaibara Tōken,Common Sense Teachings for Japanese Children and Greater Learning for Women, ca. 1700
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Document 21-4: A Japanese Sake Brewer’s Female Antipollution Pass, ca. 1603–1868
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Document 21-5: Li Ruzhen, From Flowers in the Mirror, 1827
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Viewpoints Comparative Questions

Comparative Questions

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22. Revolutions in the Atlantic World, 1775–1825

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Background to Revolution

Social Change

Demands for Liberty and Equality

The Seven Years’ War

The American Revolutionary Era, 1775–1789

The Origins of the Revolution

Independence from Britain

Framing the Constitution

Limitations of Liberty and Equality

Revolution in France, 1789–1799

Breakdown of the Old Order

The National Assembly

Constitutional Monarchy

The National Convention

The Directory

Napoleon’s Europe, 1799–1815

Napoleon’s Rule of France

Napoleon’s Expansion in Europe

The Grand Empire and Its End

The Haitian Revolution, 1791–1804

Revolutionary Aspirations in Saint-Domingue

The Outbreak of Revolt

The War of Haitian Independence

Revolutions in Latin America

The Origins of the Revolutions Against Colonial Powers

Resistance, Rebellion, and Independence

The Aftermath of Revolution in the Atlantic World

Chapter Summary

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Thinking Like a Historian The Rights of Which Men?

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Analyzing the Evidence Abbé Sieyès, "What Is the Third Estate?"

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Analyzing the Evidence Contrasting Visions of the Sans-Culottes

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Mapping the Past Napoleonic Europe in 1812

Individuals in Society Toussaint L’Ouverture

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Global Viewpoints Declarations of Independence: The United States and Venezuela

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Documents from Sources for World Societies, Chapter 22
Introduction to the Documents

VIEWPOINTS: Defining the Citizen
Document 22-1: The Declaration of the Rights of Man, 1789
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Document 22-2: Olympe de Gouges, From the Declaration of the Rights of Woman, 1791
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Document 22-3: Maximilien Robespierre, Revolutionary Speech, February 5, 1794
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Document 22-4: François Dominique Toussaint L’Ouverture, Letter to the French National Assembly, 1797

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Document 22-5: The Haitian Declaration of Independence, 1804
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23. The Revolution in Energy and Industry, 1760–1850

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The Industrial Revolution in Britain

Why Britain?

Technological Innovations and Early Factories

The Steam Engine Breakthrough

Steam-Powered Transportation

Industry and Population

Industrialization in Europe and the World

National and International Variations

Industrialization in Continental Europe

Agents of Industrialization

The Global Picture

New Patterns of Working and Living

Work in Early Factories

Working Families and Children

The Sexual Division of Labor

Living Standards for the Working Class

Relations Between Capital and Labor

The New Class of Factory Owners

Responses to Industrialization

The Early Labor Movement in Britain

The Impact of Slavery

Chapter Summary

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Individuals in Society Samuel Crompton

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Analyzing the Evidence Rain, Steam and Speed –– the Great Western Railway

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Mapping the Past Continental Industrialization, ca. 1850

Global Viewpoints Indian Cotton Manufacturers

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Analyzing the Evidence The Testimony of Young Mine Workers

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Thinking Like a Hisorian Making the Industrialized Worker

Documents from Sources for World Societies, Chapter 23
Introduction to the Documents

Document 23-1: Thomas Robert Malthus, From an Essay on the Principle of Population, 1798
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VIEWPOINTS: The Realities of Manufacturing
Document 23-2: Robert Owen, From Observations on the Effect of the Manufacturing System, 1815

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Document 23-3: Testimonies Before Parliamentary Committees on Working Conditions in England, 1832, 1842
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Viewpoints Comparative Questions

Document 23-4: An Incident During the Sikh Wars, ca. 1850
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Document 23-5: The Treaty of Balta-Liman, August 16, 1838
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24. Ideologies of Change in Europe, 1815–1914

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A Conservative Peace Gives Way to Radical Ideas

The Political and Social Situation After 1815

Conservatism After 1815

Liberalism and the Middle Class

The Growing Appeal of Nationalism

The Birth of Socialism

Reforms and Revolutions, 1815–1850

Social and Economic Conflict

Liberal Reform in Great Britain

Revolutions in France

The Revolutions of 1848 in Central Europe

Nation Building in Italy, Germany, and Russia

Cavour, Garibaldi, and the Unification of Italy

Bismarck and German Unification

The Modernization of Russia

Urban Life in the Age of Ideologies

Urban Development

Social Inequality and Class

The Changing Family

Science for the Masses

Cultural Shifts

Nationalism and Socialism, 1871–1914

Trends in Suffrage

The German Empire

Republican France

Great Britain and the Austro-Hungarian Empire

Jewish Emancipation and Modern Anti-Semitism

The Socialist Movement

Chapter Summary

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Chapter 24 Summative Quiz Achieve

Mapping the Past Europe in 1815

Analyzing the Evidence The Triumph of Democratic Republics

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Global Viewpoints German and Italian Views on Nationalism

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Individuals in Society Giuseppe Garibaldi

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Analyzing the Evidence Stefan Zweig on Middle-Class Youth and Sexuality

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Thinking Like a Historian The Promise of Electricity

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Documents from Sources for World Societies, Chapter 24
Introduction to the Documents

Document 24-1: Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, From The Communist Manifesto, 1848
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VIEWPOINTS: People Without Nations
Document 24-2: Johann Gottlieb Fichte, Address to the German Nation, 1808
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Document 24-3: Max Nordau, On Zionism, 1905
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Document 24-4: Eugène Delacroix, Liberty Leading the People, 1830
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Document 24-5: Beatrice Webb, From My Apprenticeship, 1926
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25. Africa, the Ottoman Empire, and the New Imperialism, 1800–1914

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Africa: From the Slave Trade to European Colonial Rule

Trade and Social Change

Islamic Revival and Expansion in Africa

The Scramble for Africa, 1880–1914

Southern Africa in the Nineteenth Century

Colonialism’s Impact After 1900

The New Imperialism, 1880–1914

Causes of the New Imperialism

A "Civilizing Mission"

Critics of Imperialism

African and Asian Resistance

The Islamic Heartland Under Pressure

Decline and Reform in the Ottoman Empire

Egypt: From Reform to British Occupation

The Expanding World Economy

The Rise of Global Inequality

The World Market

The Great Global Migration

Chapter Summary

Connections

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Chapter 25 Summative Quiz Achieve

Mapping the Past The Partition of Africa

Global Viewpoints The Congo Free State

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Analyzing the Evidence A French Leader Defends Imperialism

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Analyzing the Evidence Pears’ Soap Advertisement

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Thinking Like a Historian African Views of the Scramble for Africa

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Individuals in Society Muhammad Ali

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Documents from Sources for World Societies, Chapter 25
Introduction to the Documents

Document 25-1: Sultan Abdul Mejid, Imperial Rescript, 1856
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VIEWPOINTS: The Colonial Encounter in Africa
Document 25-2: Cecil Rhodes, From Confession of Faith, ca. 1877
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Document 25-3: Ndansi Kumalo, On the British Incursion in Zimbabwe, 1932
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Document 25-4: John Mensa Sarbah, Fanti Customary Law, 1897
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Viewpoints Comparative Questions

Document 25-5: Roger Casement and David Engohahe, Victims of Belgian Congo Atrocities, ca. 1904-1905

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26. Asia and the Pacific in the Era of Imperialism, 1800–1914

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India and the British Empire in Asia

The Evolution of British Rule

The Socioeconomic Effects of British Rule

The British and the Indian Educated Elite

Competition for Southeast Asia

The Dutch East Indies

Mainland Southeast Asia

The Philippines

China Under Pressure

The Opium War

Internal Problems

The Self-Strengthening Movement

Republican Revolution

Japan’s Rapid Transformation

The "Opening" of Japan

The Meiji Restoration

Industrialization

Japan as an Imperial Power

The Pacific Region and the Movement of People

Settler Colonies in the Pacific: Australia and New Zealand

Asian Emigration

The Countries of Asia in Comparative Perspective

Chapter Summary

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Thinking Like a Historian English-Language Education for Indians

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Mapping the Past Asia in 1914

Individuals in Society José Rizal

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Global Viewpoints Chinese and British Efforts to Reduce Infant Deaths

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Analyzing the Evidence Fukuzawa Yukichi, "Escape from Asia"

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Analyzing the Evidence Japan’s First Skyscraper

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Documents from Sources for World Societies, Chapter 26
Introduction to the Documents

VIEWPOINTS: Reactions to Imperialism and Modernity
Document 26-1: Lin Zexu, From a Letter to Queen Victoria, 1839
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Document 26-2: Two Proclamations of the Boxer Rebellion, 1898, 1900
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Document 26-3: Mohandas Gandhi, "Indian Home Rule," 1909
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Document 26-4: Sir Henry Montgomery Lawrence, Letter to Lieutenant-Governor J. Colvin, June 13, 1857

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Document 26-5: Sun Yatsen, On the Three People’s Principles and the Future of the Chinese People, 1906
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27. The Americas in the Age of Liberalism, 1810–1910

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New Nations

Liberalism and Caudillos in Spanish America

Mexico and the United States

Liberal Reform in Mexico

Brazil: A New World Monarchy

Slavery and Abolition

Slave Societies in the Americas

Independence and Abolition

Abolition in Cuba and Brazil

Export-Led Growth and Social Unrest

Latin America Re-enters the World Economy

Liberal Consolidation in South America

The Porfiriato and Liberal Stability in Mexico

The Mexican Revolution

Immigration

Immigration to Latin America

Immigration to the United States

Immigration to Canada

A New American Empire

U.S. Intervention in Latin America

The Spanish-American War

The Panama Canal

Chapter Summary

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Global Viewpoints Perspectives on the Mexican-American War

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Analyzing the Evidence Slaves Sold South from Richmond, 1853

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Mapping the Past Abolition in the Americas

Thinking Like a Historian The Abolition of Slavery in Brazil, from Above and Below

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Individuals in Society Henry Meiggs, Promoter and Speculator

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Analyzing the Evidence Reyita Castillo Bueno on Slavery and Freedom in Cuba

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Documents from Sources for World Societies, Chapter 27
Introduction to the Documents

Document 27-1: Simón Bolívar, Jamaica Letter, 1815
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Document 27-2: Alexis de Tocqueville, From Democracy in America, 1840
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VIEWPOINTS: Female Abolitionists Make the Case Against Slavery
Document 27-3: Angelina Grimke, Letters to Catherine Beecher, 1838
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Document 27-4: Harriet Beecher Stowe, Uncle Tom’s Cabin, 1852
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Viewpoints Comparative Questions

Document 27-5: Advertisement for Rail Travel to Canada, 1885
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28. World War and Revolution, 1914–1929

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The First World War, 1914–1918

Origins and Causes of the Great War

The Outbreak of War

Stalemate and Slaughter

The War Becomes Global

The Home Front

Mobilizing for Total War

The Social Impact of War

Growing Political Tensions

The Russian Revolution

The Fall of Imperial Russia

The Provisional Government

Lenin and the Bolshevik Revolution

Dictatorship and Civil War

The War’s Consequences

The End of the War

The Paris Peace Treaties

American Rejection of the Versailles Treaty

The Search for Peace and Political Stability, 1919–1929

Germany and the Western Powers

Hope in Foreign Affairs

Hope in Democratic Government

The Age of Anxiety

Uncertainty in Philosophy and Religion

The New Physics

Freudian Psychology

Twentieth-Century Literature

Modern Architecture, Art, and Music

Movies and Radio

Chapter Summary

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Global Viewpoints British and Canadian Poetry of the Great War

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Analyzing the Evidence The Experience of War

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Individuals in Society Vera Brittain

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Analyzing the Evidence "Never Forget!"

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Thinking Like a Historian Russian Views of War and Revolution

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Mapping the Past Territorial Changes in Europe After World War I

Documents from Sources for World Societies, Chapter 28
Introduction to the Documents

VIEWPOINTS: Competing Perspectives on the Treaty of Versailles
Document 28-1: Correspondence of Evelyn and Fred Albright, 1917
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Document 28-2: Vladimir Ilyich Lenin, All Power to the Soviets!, 1917
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Document 28-3: Les Trois Grands Ouvriers Du Monde Nouveau, February 1, 1919
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Document 28-4: German Delegation to the Paris Peace Conference, On the Conditions of Peace,
1919
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Document 28-5: Konoe Fumimaro, Against a Pacifism Centered on England and America, 1918
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29. Nationalism in Asia, 1914–1939

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The First World War’s Impact on Nationalist Trends

Asian Reaction to the War in Europe

The Mandates System

Nationalism’s Appeal

Nationalist Movements in the Middle East

The Arab Revolt

The Turkish Revolution

Modernization Efforts in Persia and Afghanistan

Gradual Independence in the Arab States

Arab-Jewish Tensions in Palestine

Toward Self-Rule in India

British Promises and Repression

The Roots of Militant Nonviolence

Gandhi’s Resistance Campaign in India

Nationalist Struggles in East and Southeast Asia

The Rise of Nationalist China

China’s Intellectual Revolution

From Liberalism to Ultranationalism in Japan

Japan Against China

Striving for Independence in Southeast Asia

Chapter Summary

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Mapping the Past The Partition of the Ottoman Empire, 1914–1923

Analyzing the Evidence Resolution of the General Syrian Congress at Damascus

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Global Viewpoints Gandhi and Mao on Revolutionary Means

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Thinking Like a Historian Interpreting the May Fourth Movement

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Analyzing the Evidence The Fate of a Chinese Patriot

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Individuals in Society Ning Lao, a Chinese Working Woman

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Documents from Sources for World Societies, Chapter 29
Introduction to the Documents

Document 29-1: Mary L. Graffam, An Account of Turkish Violence Against Armenians, 1915
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Document 29-2: Arthur Dames Balfour, Debating the Balfour Declaration, 1917
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Document 29-3: Sarojini Naidu, The Agony and Shame of the Punjab, 1920
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VIEWPOINTS: Prescriptions for National Improvement in China and Siam
Document 29-4: Jiang Jieshi, The New Life Movement, 1934
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Document 29-5: King Vajiravudh, On the Siamese Nation, 1914, 1917, 1920
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30. The Great Depression and World War II, 1929–1945

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The Great Depression, 1929–1939

The Economic Crisis

Mass Unemployment

The New Deal in the United States

The European Response to the Depression

Worldwide Effects

Authoritarian States

Conservative Authoritarianism

Radical Totalitarian Dictatorships

Stalin’s Soviet Union

From Lenin to Stalin

The Five-Year Plans

Life and Culture in Soviet Society

Stalinist Terror and the Great Purges

Mussolini and Fascism in Italy

The Seizure of Power

The Regime in Action

Hitler and Nazism in Germany

The Roots of Nazism

Hitler’s Road to Power

The Nazi State and Society

Hitler’s Popularity

Aggression and Appeasement, 1933–1939

The Second World War, 1939–1945

Hitler’s Empire in Europe, 1939–1942

The Holocaust

Japan’s Asian Empire

The Grand Alliance

The War in Europe, 1942–1945

The War in the Pacific, 1942–1945

Chapter Summary

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Analyzing the Evidence British Conservative Party Poster

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Global Viewpoints Socialism and the Working Class

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Thinking Like a Historian Peasant Resistance to Stalin’s Collectivization Plan

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Individuals in Society Primo Levi

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Analyzing the Evidence Ultranationalist Pamphlet for Japanese Students

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Mapping the Past World War II in the Pacific

Documents from Sources for World Societies, Chapter 30
Introduction to the Documents

Document 30-1: Field Office of the Works Progress Administration, ca. 1935
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Document 30-2: The Nuremberg Laws: The Centerpiece of Nazi Racial Legislation, 1935
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Document 30-3: Letters to Izvestiya: On the Issue of Abortion, 1936
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VIEWPOINTS: Hiroshima and Nagasaki
Document 30-4: Harry S. Truman, White House Press Release on Hiroshima, August 6, 1945
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Document 30-5: Toshiko Saeki, Interview with a Survivor of Hiroshima, 1986
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Comparative Questions

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31. Decolonization, Revolution, and the Cold War, 1945–1968

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The World Remade

The Cold War

The United Nations

The Politics of Liberation

Dependency and Development Theories

Interpreting the Postcolonial Experience

Nationalism in South Asia and the Middle East

Independence in India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh

Arab Socialism in the Middle East

The Arab-Israeli Conflict

Revolution and Resurgence in East and Southeast Asia

The Communist Victory in China

Conflict in Korea

Japan’s American Reconstruction

The Vietnam War

Decolonization in Africa

The Growth of African Nationalism

Ghana Shows the Way

French-Speaking Regions

Populist and Revolutionary Pathways in Latin America

Economic Nationalism in Mexico

Populism in Argentina and Brazil

Communist Revolution in Cuba

The Limits of Postwar Prosperity

The Soviet Union Struggles to Move Beyond Stalin

Postwar Challenges in Western Europe and the United States

The World in 1968

Chapter Summary

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Global Viewpoints U.S. and Latin American Views on Development

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Analyzing the Evidence Poster Art in Communist China

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Thinking Like a Historian Global Perspectives on the Vietnam War

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Mapping the Past Decolonization in Africa, 1947 to the Present

Analyzing the Evidence C. L. R. James on Pan-African Liberation

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Individuals in Society Eva Perón

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Documents from Sources for World Societies, Chapter 31
Introduction to the Documents

VIEWPOINTS: Decolonization and Dependence
Document 31-1: U.N. General Assembly, Declaration on the Granting of Independence to Colonial Countries and Peoples, 1960
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Document 31-2: Pablo Neruda, From Canto General, 1950
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Viewpoints Comparative Questions

Document 31-3: Harry S. Truman, The Truman Doctrine, 1947
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Document 31-4: Nikita Khrushchev, On the Personality Cult and its Consequences, 1956
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Document 31-5: Erich Honecker and Fidel Castro, 1974
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Comparative Questions

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32. Liberalization, 1968–2000s

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Oil Shocks and Liberalization

The OPEC Oil Embargo

Mexico Under the PRI

Nigeria, Africa’s Giant

War and Revolution in the Middle East

The Palestinian-Israeli Conflict

Egypt: Arab World Leader

Revolution and War in Iran and Iraq

Latin America: Dictatorship, Debt, and Democratization

Civil Wars in Central America

Boom and Bust in Chile

The Dirty War in Argentina

Development and Dictatorship in Brazil

Resistance to White Rule in Southern Africa

Portuguese Decolonization and Rhodesia

South Africa Under Apartheid

Political Change in Africa Since 1990

Growth and Development in Asia

Japan’s Economic Miracle and the Emergence of the "Asian Tigers"

China’s Economic Resurgence

Development Versus Democracy in India and Pakistan

The End of the Cold War

The Limits of Reform in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe

Recasting Russia Without Communism

Integration and Reform in Europe

Chapter Summary

Connections

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Mapping the Past Abrahamic Religions in the Middle East and Surrounding Regions

Thinking Like a Historian The Struggle for Freedom in South Africa

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Analyzing the Evidence A Member of China’s Red Guards on Democratic Reform

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Analyzing the Evidence Tiananmen Square

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Global Viewpoints Dissidents in Burma and China

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Individuals in Society Václav Havel

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Documents from Sources for World Societies, Chapter 32
Introduction to the Documents

Document 32-1: Museo de la Memoria, Cordoba, Argentina, ca. 2000
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VIEWPOINTS: Race and Power in South Africa
Document 32-2: National Party of South Africa, The National Party’s Colour Policy, 1948
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Document 32-3: Nelson Mandela, The Rivonia Trial Speech to the Court, 1964
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Document 32-4: Deng Xiaoping, Build Socialism with Chinese Characteristics, 1984
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Document 32-5: Male Japanese Citizens, "Íkigai," 2003
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Comparative Questions

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33. The Contemporary World in Historical Perspective

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The End of History?

Complexity and Violence in a Multipolar World

An Expanding Atomic Age

Al-Qaeda and Afghanistan

Global Circulation and Exchange

Migration

Urbanization

Multinational Corporations

Social Movements

Environmentalism

Lesbian, Gay, and Transgender Rights

Women’s Right to Equality

Children: The Right to Childhood

Science and Technology: Changes and Challenges

Intensified Agriculture and the Green Revolution

The Medical Revolution

A Digital Revolution

Chapter Summary

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Individuals in Society Sieng, a Mnong Refugee in an American High School

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Mapping the Past The Global Distribution of Wealth, ca. 2010

Analyzing the Evidence A Brazilian Band on Globalization

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Analyzing the Evidence Protest Against Genetically Modified Foods

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Global Viewpoints Women Activists in Chiapas, Mexico

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Thinking Like a Historian The Relationships Between Mosquitos, People, and Epidemics

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Documents from Sources for World Societies, Chapter 33
Introduction to the Documents

Document 33-1: John Yoo, Memoranda Regarding U.S. Military Interrogations, 2002, 2003
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VIEWPOINTS: Immigration and Assimilation in Postwar Germany
Document 33-2: Giacomo Maturi, The Integration of the Southern Labor Force and its Specific Adaptation Problems, 1961
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Document 33-3: Heidelberg Manifesto, 1982
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Viewpoints Comparative Questions

Document 33-4: Betty Friedan, Statement of Purpose of the National Organization of Women, 1966
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Document 33-5: Jonas Bendiksen, "New Settlement": A Slum in Caracas, Venezuela, ca. 2000
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Comparative Questions

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Index

Timeline A History of World Societies: An Overview

About the Authors