Statistics and Probability with Applications (High School)

Fourth Edition

Publication Date: January 15, 2021

Hardcover ISBN: 9781319244323

Pages: 864

Statistics for every student.

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About the Authors
Acknowledgments
To the Student

Chapter 1 Analyzing One-Variable Data
Lesson 1.1 Statistics: The Science and Art of Data
Lesson 1.2 Displaying Categorical Data
Lesson 1.3 Displaying Quantitative Data: Dotplots
Lesson 1.4 Displaying Quantitative Data: Stemplots
Lesson 1.5 Displaying Quantitative Data: Histograms
Lesson 1.6 Measuring Center
Lesson 1.7 Measuring Variability
Lesson 1.8 Summarizing Quantitative Data: Boxplots and Outliers

Chapter 2 Modeling One-Variable Quantitative Data
Lesson 2.1 Describing Location in a Distribution
Lesson 2.2 Transforming Data
Lesson 2.3 Density Curves and the Normal Distribution
Lesson 2.4 The Empirical Rule and Assessing Normality
Lesson 2.5 Normal Distributions: Finding Areas from Values
Lesson 2.6 Normal Distributions: Finding Values from Areas

Chapter 3 Analyzing Two-Variable Data
Lesson 3.1 Relationships Between Two Categorical Variables
Lesson 3.2 Relationships Between Two Quantitative Variables
Lesson 3.3 Correlation
Lesson 3.4 More about Correlation
Lesson 3.5 Regression Lines
Lesson 3.6 The Least-Squares Regression Line
Lesson 3.7 Assessing a Regression Model

Chapter 4 Collecting Data
Lesson 4.1 Introduction to Data Collection
Lesson 4.2 Sampling: Good and Bad
Lesson 4.3 Sampling and Surveys
Lesson 4.4 Inference for Sampling
Lesson 4.5 Observational Studies and Experiments
Lesson 4.6 How to Experiment Well
Lesson 4.7 Inference for Experiments
Lesson 4.8 Using Studies Wisely

Chapter 5 Probability
Lesson 5.1 Randomness, Probability, and Simulation
Lesson 5.2 Basic Probability Rules
Lesson 5.3 Two-Way Tables and Venn Diagrams
Lesson 5.4 Conditional Probability and Independence
Lesson 5.5 The General Multiplication Rule and Tree Diagrams
Lesson 5.6 The Multiplication Rule for Independent Events
Lesson 5.7 The Multiplication Counting Principle and Permutations
Lesson 5.8 Combinations and Probability

Chapter 6 Random Variables
Lesson 6.1 Two Types of Random Variables
Lesson 6.2 Analyzing Discrete Random Variables
Lesson 6.3 Binomial Random Variables
Lesson 6.4 Analyzing Binomial Random Variables
Lesson 6.5 Normal Approximation to Binomial Distributions

Chapter 7 Sampling Distributions
Lesson 7.1 What Is a Sampling Distribution?
Lesson 7.2 Sampling Distributions: Center and Variability
Lesson 7.3 The Sampling Distribution of a Sample Proportion
Lesson 7.4 The Sampling Distribution of a Sample Mean
Lesson 7.5 The Central Limit Theorem

Chapter 8 Estimating a Parameter
Lesson 8.1 The Idea of a Confidence Interval
Lesson 8.2 What Affects the Margin of Error?
Lesson 8.3 Estimating a Proportion
Lesson 8.4 Confidence Intervals for a Proportion
Lesson 8.5 Estimating a Mean
Lesson 8.6 Confidence Intervals for a Mean

Chapter 9 Testing a Claim
Lesson 9.1 The Idea of a Significance Test
Lesson 9.2 Significance Tests and Decision Making
Lesson 9.3 Testing a Claim about a Proportion
Lesson 9.4 Significance Tests for a Proportion
Lesson 9.5 Testing a Claim about a Mean
Lesson 9.6 Significance Tests for a Mean

Chapter 10 Comparing Two Populations or Treatments
Lesson 10.1 Estimating a Difference Between Two Proportions
Lesson 10.2 Testing a Claim about a Difference Between Two Proportions
Lesson 10.3 Estimating a Difference Between Two Means
Lesson 10.4 Testing a Claim about a Difference Between Two Means
Lesson 10.5 Paired Data: Estimating a Mean Difference
Lesson 10.6 Paired Data: Testing a Claim about a Mean Difference

Chapter 11 Inference for Distributions and Relationships
Lesson 11.1 Testing the Distribution of a Categorical Variable
Lesson 11.2 Chi-Square Tests for Goodness of Fit
Lesson 11.3 Testing the Relationship Between Two Categorical Variables
Lesson 11.4 Chi-Square Tests for Association
Lesson 11.5 Estimating the Slope of a Least-Squares Regression Line
Lesson 11.6 Testing a Claim about the Slope of a Least-Squares Regression Line

Solutions
Glossary/Glosario
Notes and Data Sources
Index
Table A Standard Normal Probabilities
Table B t Distribution Critical Values
Table C Chi-Square Distribution Critical Values
Table D Random Digits

Hundreds of worked examples with step-by-step solutions that feature the “voice of the teacher” through the “teacher talk” boxes. Each Example points to an exercise to practice the concepts. The exercises guide students directly to the supporting example for help when they need it. If they need more help, they can click on the Exercise video that features an experienced High School Statistics teacher walking step-by-step through the solution to the exercise.
Lesson Apps wrap up the learning targets in each example and provide a great review and self-check for students.
Easy to use Statistical Applets allow students to do simulations and work with data from their computer, table, phone, or an connected device.
Tech Corners provide keystroke level instruction for using Applets and/or the TI-83/84+ graphing calculator.
STATS applied! Real world problems begin and end each chapter to underscore why understanding statistics is important.
Achieve e-book and media resources + online homework. Achieve combines the unparalleled assets of online homework (homework with targeted feedback, superior support for students and instructors) with an e-book and powerful book-specific assets.

There are now 11 chapters that are more similar in length – with 6-8 lessons in each chapter.

Introduce Normal distributions as models for data earlier in the book, to match modern practice.

Add a new Chapter 2 “Modeling One-Variable Quantitative Data” that focuses on measuring location in a distribution (percentiles, z-scores) and on using Normal distributions to model certain sets of quantitative data. This approach matches the structure of AP texts and most college titles and will feel more familiar to teachers who teach both courses. This move also allows for shortening Chapter 1 (which was 9 lessons in SPA 3e), having Normal distributions available when discussing inference for sampling and inference for experiments in Chapter 3 on Collecting Data, and giving students additional practice and familiarity with the most important distribution in an introductory statistics course.

Overhauled Achieve online Homework

All “suggested assignment” questions from the text with detailed guided feedback to help students learn even when they get the answer wrong are ready to use in Achieve.
Hundreds of additional questions coded by lesson in many different formats – sorting, numerical entry, drop-down menu choice options, open answer – including many with algorithmic data.
Improved tutorial help for using the program included in the resource options.

Increase students’ focus on solidifying essential knowledge as a precursor to mastering concepts and skills.

We have added a new set of exercises at the beginning of each Lesson exercise set called: Building Concepts and Skills. The addition of these 5-7 definition based exercises help the lesson exercises ramp up more effectively from Building Concepts and Skills to Mastering Concepts and Skills to Applying the Concepts to Extending the Concepts, and finally to Recycle and Review, which integrate skills and concepts from previous lessons.

Expand and refine the video program to support students and teachers more effectively

NEW Lesson App Videos for all 71 Lessons replace the individual Worked Example Videos. Short video lessons, based on the Lesson App in each lesson, review and offer instruction on the key skills and concepts in each lesson by teaching the Lesson App. Prepared by SPA4 TE author, Doug Tyson, and SPA4 Solutions/Assessment/Achieve author, Erica Chauvet, you can be confident in assigning these lessons to students who miss class, are struggling, or just need help bringing the ideas together. They will also provide excellent support for virtual instruction.
NEW Worked Exercise Videos – each “For Practice, Try” exercise is now available as an instructional video for students. Prepared by a team of experienced high school Stat teachers.
Additional Video support includes:
PD Videos (for teachers):
- Chapter Overviews (by Daren, Josh, Luke)
- Lesson Overviews (by Daren, Josh, Luke)
- Getting to know the TE (by Doug Tyson)
- Comprehensive Course Tour
For Students (and teachers)
- Lesson App Videos
- Worked Exercise Videos (“For Practice, Try” paired exercises)
- Chapter Review Exercises
NEW comprehensive set of Lecture Presentation Slides for each Lesson will support teachers more thoroughly in preparing virtual lessons, as needed, and in helping student absences, substitute teachers, etc.
Many new Examples and exercises with updated, timely, high-interest data.

Daren Starnes

Daren Starnes has taught a variety of statistics courses—including AP® Statistics, Introductory Statistics, and Mathematical Statistics—for 25 years. He earned his MA in Mathematics from the University of Michigan and his BS in Mathematics from the University of North Carolina at Charlotte. Daren has been a Reader, Table Leader, and Question Leader for the AP® Statistics exam for over 20 years. As a College Board consultant since 1999, Daren has led hundreds of workshops for AP® Statistics teachers throughout the United States and overseas. He frequently presents in-person and online sessions about statistics teaching and learning for high school and college faculty. Daren is an active member of the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (NCTM), the American Statistical Association (ASA), the American Mathematical Association of Two-Year Colleges (AMATYC), and the International Association for Statistical Education (IASE). He served on the ASA/NCTM Joint Committee on the Curriculum in Statistics and Probability for six years. While on the committee, he edited the Guidelines for Assessment and Instruction in Statistics Education (GAISE) pre-K–12 report. Daren is also coauthor of the popular on-level text Statistics and Probability with Applications (now in its fifth edition) and of the new college text Introductory Statistics: A Student-Centered Approach. Daren and his wife Judy enjoy traveling, rambling walks, jigsaw puzzles, and spending time with their three sons and seven grandchildren.

Josh Tabor

Josh Tabor has enjoyed teaching on-level and AP® Statistics to high school students for more than 26 years, most recently at The Potter’s School. He received a BS in Mathematics from Biola University, in La Mirada, California. In recognition of his outstanding work as an educator, Josh was named one of the five finalists for Arizona Teacher of the Year in 2011. He is a past member of the AP® Statistics Development Committee (2005–2009) as well as an experienced Reader, Table Leader, Question Leader, and Exam Leader at the AP® Statistics Reading since 1999. In 2013, Josh was named to the SAT® Mathematics Development Committee. Each year, Josh leads one-week AP® Summer Institutes and one-day College Board workshops around the country and frequently speaks at local, national, and international conferences. In addition to teaching and speaking, Josh has authored articles in The American Statistician, The Mathematics Teacher, STATS Magazine, and The Journal of Statistics Education. Combining his love of statistics and love of sports, Josh teamed with Christine Franklin to write Statistical Reasoning in Sports, an innovative textbook for on-level statistics courses. Josh is also coauthor of the popular on-level text - Statistics and Probability with Applications (now in its fifth edition) and the new college text Introductory Statistics: A Student-Centered Approach. Outside of work, Josh enjoys gardening, traveling, and playing board games with his family.

Luke Wilcox

Luke Wilcox is a National Board Certified teacher who has spent his 20-year teaching career at East Kentwood High School, the most diverse public high school in the state of Michigan. His teaching as been recognized with the 2013 Presidential Award and the 2018 Michigan Teacher of the Year award, each giving him the opportunity to visit the White House to meet the president. Luke is the author of the Annotated Teacher’s Edition for The Practice of Statistics, where he offers valuable insights gathered from his own classroom teaching experiences, as well as from his participation as a Reader and Table Leader at the AP® Statistics Reading. Luke also supports teachers through a variety of in-person and online workshops, as well as being a frequent presenter at conferences. To further help statistics teachers, Luke co-developed the website statsmedic.com, which is positively transforming statistics instruction in classrooms around the country. Luke leads his students with an Experience First, Formalize Later approach to teaching statistics—in which students engage in the mathematical thinking and reasoning before being provided algorithmic formulas and definitions. In his spare time, Luke enjoys traveling with his wife and two kids, running, and eating tacos.

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