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Module 1.5c

Module 1.5c Sleep: Sleep Loss, Sleep INTRODUCE THE MODULE

Disorders, and Dreams Activate Prior Knowledge

(10 minutes) Begin class with
LEARNING TARGETS this activity, which asks students
1.5-8 Explain the effects of sleep loss. to decide if statements are
1.5-9 Explain the major sleep disorders. true or false. The statements

1.5-10 Describe the most common content of dreams, and explain the functions tap into common beliefs and
theorists have proposed for dreams.
misconceptions about psychology.
This activity will benefit students’
Sleep Deprivation understanding of Module 1.5c as
they read.
1.5-8 How does sleep loss af
1.5-8 How does sleep loss affect us? fect us?
M1.5c: Fact or Falsehood?
When our body yearns for sleep but does not get it, we begin to feel terrible. Trying to stay
Distributed by Bedford, Freeman & Worth Publishers. Not for redistribution.
awake, we will eventually lose. In the tiredness battle, sleep always wins. In 1989, Michael
Doucette was named America’s Safest Driving Teen. In 1990, while driving home from col-
lege, he fell asleep at the wheel and collided with an oncoming car, killing both himself and
the other driver. Michael’s driving instructor later acknowledged never having mentioned ENGAGE 1.5-8
Copyright © Bedford, Freeman & Worth Publishers.
sleep deprivation and drowsy driving ( Dement, 1999 ).
(15 minutes) In pairs, have students
Effects of Sleep Loss explore the National Sleep Foundation’s
Modern sleep patterns — the “Great Sleep Recession” — leave us not only sleepy but website: sleepfoundation.org. After
also drained of energy and our sense of well-being ( Keyes et al., 2015 ; Thorarinsdottir
et al., 2019). After several nights in which we obtain only 5 hours of sleep, we accumulate a 10 minutes, have them report what was
sleep debt that cannot be satisfied by one long sleep. “The brain keeps an accurate count of the most interesting information on the
,
sleep debt for at least two weeks,” reported sleep researcher William Dement (1999 p. 64 ). site. Use their examples as you present
Obviously, then, we need sleep. Sleep commands roughly one-third of our lives —
some 25 years, on average. Allowed to sleep unhindered, most adults paying off a sleep debt the material in this module.
will sleep at least 9 hours a night ( Coren, 1996 ). One study demonstrated the benefits of unre-
stricted sleep by having volunteers spend 14 hours daily in bed for at least a week. For the first
few days, the volunteers averaged 12 hours of sleep or more per day, apparently paying off a AP Science Practice
®
sleep debt that averaged 25 to 30 hours. That accomplished, they then settled back to 7.5 to PRACTICE
9 hours nightly and felt energized and happier ( Dement, 1999 ). Research
Seventy-five percent of U.S. high school students report getting fewer than 8 hours of The results from the CDC and NSF
sleep nightly, with 28 percent admitting they fall asleep in class at least once a week ( CDC, studies discussed here represent Research Methods & Design
non-experimental, descriptive
2019b ; NSF, 2006 ). College and university students are also sleep deprived; 69 percent in methods, which simply describe (SP 2)
one U.S. survey reported “feeling tired” or “having little energy” on at least several days behaviors. The researchers likely (5 minutes) When you present
during the previous two weeks ( Associated Press [AP], 2009 ). One in four Chinese univer- used surveys to obtain data on
sity students has serious sleep problems ( Li et al., 2018 ). The going needn’t get boring before the students’ self-reported sleep statistics from national surveys,
behaviors.
students start snoring. remind students that these surveys
represent the descriptive research
method (as opposed to correlational
or experimental). Ask them for other
examples of national surveys they
have seen recently.
Sleep: Sleep Loss, Sleep Disorders, and Dreams Module 1.5c 103

INTRODUCE THE MODULE
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• Do you structure your day around
Make It Meaningful your daily rhythms of sleepiness and
wakefulness? Why or why not?
(5 minutes) Ask students the following
questions: Note: These could either be discussion or
writing prompts.
• How would you characterize your sleep
habits?
• If you could plan when and how long to
sleep, what would you plan and why?
• What time of day do you feel most
sleepy? Most awake?

Sleep: Sleep Loss, Sleep Disorders, and Dreams Module 1.5c 103

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